Module 6: Gas Laws Flashcards
boyle’s law states:
the pressure of a gas is inveresely related to its volume when temperature is constant
P1V1=P2V2
as volume DECREASES, pressure INCREASES
charles’ law states:
the temperature of a gas is directly related to the volume
pressure and moles (n) are constant
if temp INCREASES, volume INCREASES; if temp DECREASES, volume DECREASES
V1/T1 = V2/T2
gay-lussac’s law states:
the pressure exerted by a gas is directly related to the temperature of a gas
volume and gas are constant
as pressure INCREASES, temperature INCREASES; as pressure DECREASES, temperature DECREASES
ex) water boils at a different temperature at higher elevations
P1/T1 = P2/T2
combined gas laws states:
boyle’s + charles’ + gay-lussac’s
n (moles) is constant
(P1xV1)/(T1) = (P2xV2)/(T2)
avagadro’s law states:
the volume of a gas is directly related to the amount (moles) of gas
temp and pressure are constant
if moles INCREASE, volume INCREASES; if moles DECREASE, volume DECREASES
V1/n1= V2/n2
ideal gas law states:
PV=nRT
R = 0.08206 L atm/mol K
dalton’s law states:
if two gasses that don’t react are combined in a container, they act as if they are alone in the container
the total pressure of a mixture of gases = the sum of the pressures that each would exert if they were present alone
Ptotal (T)= P1 + P2 + P3 + P4…
partial pressure of a gas can be determined from the total pressure and the mole fraction of the gas:
P1 = (moles of compound/total moles) x (pressure total)
or P1 = X1Pt
graham’s law states:
relates the molar mass of two gases to their rate of speed of travel
the LOWER the molar mass, the FASTER the rate of speed
R1/R2 = sq.rt of (M2/M1)
henry’s law states:
the solubility of a gas in a given volume of liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that of the liquid
1 atm = ? mmHg
760 mmHg
R = ?
= 0.08206 L atm/mol K
STP = ?
T: C + 273K
P: 760 atm
1 atm = ? tor
1 atm = 760 tor
at STP, 1 mol of gas = ? L
1 mol gas/22.4 L
