Module 6: Amino Acids and Proteins Obj. 2

Question 1

3 main classifications of proteins

Answer 1

Simple
Conjugated
Derived

Question 2

Simple proteins

Answer 2

contain only 1 amino acid
Hydrolysis of a simple protein yields only amino acids
Ex. albumin, some globulins, scleroproteins (hair, nails) and collagens

Question 3

Conjugated Proteins

Answer 3

Hydrolysis eyelids amino acids plus a non-protein prosthetic group which is essential to the function of the protein

If prosthetic group is removed, remaining protein is called an apoprotein

Ex. Conjugated protein: chromoprotein (Hb), prosthetic group: chromophore (heme)

Question 4

Derived proteins

Answer 4

breakdown products of proteins

ex. peptones, peptides

Question 5

4 levels of protein structure and bonds used in each

Answer 5

Primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary

Question 6

Primary structure

Answer 6

attachment together of many amino acids in polypeptide chains bound together by PEPTIDE BONDS
Sequencing is determined by genetic coding

Question 7

Secondary structure

Answer 7

shaping of polypeptides by HYDROGEN BONDING into alpha helix or beta pleated sheet or random coil structure

Question 8

Tertiary structure

Answer 8

folding of polypeptide chain into a characteristic 3D structure under influence of hydrogen bonds, COVALENT BONDS, IONIC BONDS and HYDROPHILIC BONDS

Question 9

Quaternary structure

Answer 9

sub-unit association
The bonding together of several folded polypeptide chains into specific layers, crystals or fibers
Prosthetic groups may be added at this time
Ex. heme added to globin