Module 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Question 1
1 / 1 pts
Regarding discrepancies between you and your client, which of the following is NOT true?
Never hide differences you may have with your client.
If you sense differences, support the client by listening.
Note your own or the client’s discomfort with possible differences.
If you listen carefully, most discrepancies with your client will disappear.

A

Never hide differences you may have with your client.

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2
Q

In the five-stage counseling model, Stage 4, restory, does NOT include ____.
generate alternatives
confront client incongruities and conflict
identifying the interviewer role
help clients create new stories, thinking, and behavior

A

identifying the interviewer role

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3
Q

“Financially, things were tight last time. How will it be this time?” ____ is the primary focus of this paraphrase and open question.
The client
The main theme or problem
Mutuality
Focus on cultural / environmental / contextual issues

A

Focus on cultural / environmental / contextual issues

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4
Q

What is the focus of the following interviewer’s statement? “What help have you found in your community church?”
Focus on the client
Focus on the main theme or problem
Focus on mutuality
Focus on cultural/environmental/contextual issues

A

Focus on cultural/environmental/contextual issues

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5
Q

Which of the following is a reason to focus client conversation?
The client gives you three full minutes of problematic stories.
The client insists that you start solving issues immediately.
You and the client are overwhelmed by the number of client issues.
All of the above.

A

all of the above

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6
Q

“So far we’ve heard that you really aren’t comfortable in class and that you have difficulty in speaking up. Could we shift emphasis for awhile and would you tell me about one of your success stories in the Cambodian community?” This is most likely what stage of the interview?
Empathic relationship/Initiating the session
Story and strengths/Gathering data
Goals/Mutual goal setting
Restory/Working

A

Story and strengths/Gathering data

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7
Q
"How are your friends helpful to you?" By using this question, how is the interviewer trying to focus the client?
  Client focus 
  Theme or issue focus 
  Significant others 
  Cultural context/environmental
A

Significant others

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8
Q
According to the authors, direct confrontation may be inappropriate for:
  European-American clients. 
  African-American clients. 
  European-Canadian clients. 
  Native American clients.
A

Native American clients.

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9
Q
"What's occurring between you and your mother and father right now?" Where is the focus of this open question?
  Focus on the client 
  Focus on the main theme or problem 
  Focus on others 
  Focus on family
A

focus on family

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10
Q

What is the focus of the following counselor’s statement? “Women often take all the responsibility and have to stand alone and work it out.”
Focus on the client
Focus on the main theme or problem
Focus on mutuality
Focus on cultural/environmental/contextual issues

A

Focus on cultural/environmental/contextual issues

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11
Q

“Robert, I’d like to know some things that have gone well for you at work.” Identify the stage from the five-stage dimensions of the interview where an interviewer would most likely use this statement.
Stage 1: Empathic relationship/Initiate the Session
Stage 2: Story and Strengths/Gather Data
Stage 3: Goals/Mutual goal setting
Stage 4: Restory/Working
Stage 5: Action/Terminating

A

Stage 2: Story and Strengths/Gather Data

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12
Q

What was the core emphasis of the second interview with Nelida?

Nelida as an individual.
Nelida’s individual responsibilities.
Nelida’s individual achievements.
Nelida as a being-in-relation

A

Nelida as a being-in-relation

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13
Q

During the ____ stage of the interview clients may feel at ease and know what to expect.

  Empathic relationship 
  Story and strengths 
  Goals 
  Restory 
  Action
A

Empathic relationship

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14
Q

As a result of effective and empathic confrontation, a counselor or interviewer can anticipate that the client will ________.
resolve his or her issues
move to a more productive topic
come up with new ideas, thoughts, and feelings
become angry

A

come up with new ideas, thoughts, and feelings

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15
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE of the microskills?

The microskills offer interviewers some predictability during a client session.
The interviewer can always depend on the expected consequences detailed in the overview.
The microskills must be used in the specific order as described to increase effectiveness.
All of these

A

The microskills offer interviewers some predictability during a client session.

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16
Q

When using the BLS, you can anticipate clients to:

A

Discuss their stories, issues, or concerns, including the key facts, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

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17
Q

What are the 5 microskills and the two supplemental skills associated with the BLS?

A
  1. open and closed questions, 2. encouraging, 3. paraphrasing, 4. reflecting feelings, 5. summarizing; attending and observational skills
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18
Q

What is the central purpose of Questioning?

A

Open questions followed by closed questions to bring out the story and for diagnosis

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19
Q

What is the central purpose of Encouraging?

A

It is used throughout the session to help evoke details

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20
Q

What is the central purpose of Paraphrasing?

A

It catches the essence of what the client is saying

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21
Q

What is the central purpose of Reflecting Feelings?

A

It examines the complexity of emotions

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22
Q

What is the central purpose of Summarizing?

A

It brings order and makes sense of client conversations

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23
Q

What is the central purpose in using the Five Stage Model for structuring the session?

A

It provides an organizing framework for using the microskills with multiple theories of counseling and psychotherapy

24
Q

The Five Stage Model is structured for decision-making. True or false?

A

True. Eventually, all clients will be making decision about behavior, thoughts, feelings, and meanings

25
Q

Another term for decisional counseling is?

A

Problem-solving counseling

26
Q

Benjamin Franklin is seen as the originator of the _____ model .

A

decision-making;

27
Q

What are the three steps of the Franklin model?

A
  1. identify the problem clearly (draw out the story and strengths, along with goal setting), 2. generate alternative answers (restory), 3. decide what action to take (action)
28
Q

What is purpose of Empathic Relationship?

A

Rapport and structuring

29
Q

What is purpose of Story & Strength?

A

Gather info and define issues

30
Q

What is purpose of Goals?

A

Determining outcomes

31
Q

What is purpose of Restory?

A

Exploring alternatives and client incongruities

32
Q

What is purpose of Action?

A

Generalization and transfer of learning

33
Q

What is neurogenesis?

A

The development of new neurons and neural connections throughout life.

34
Q

What area of the brain develops most new neurons?

A

the hippocampus

35
Q

Counseling changes memory. True or false?

A

True (p. 207) It is through memory change and its many facets that counseling and therapy seek to facilitate growth and change in thoughts, emotions, and behaviors

36
Q

Changes in memory affect the____ and the ____, enabling changes in thought, feelings, and behavior

A

executive prefrontal cortex; TAP

37
Q

What is the definition of “self-in-relation”, or “person-in-community”?

A

Our family and community history and experiences live within each of us; the client brings many community voices that influence the client’s view of self and the world

38
Q

Why is it important to help clients see themselves and their issues as “persons-in-community”?

A

They can learn new ways of thinking about themselves and use existing support systems more effectively

39
Q

The way you listen does not influence clients’ choice of topics and responses. True or False?

A

False. It does. Listening exclusively to “I” statements affects the way clients talk about their issues; listening to culture, gender, and context also affects the way they respond

40
Q

What is focusing?

A

A form of selective attention that enables multiple views of client stories.

41
Q

Focusing:

a. helps you and clients think of creative new possibilities for restoring and action
b. emphasizes the importance of both the individual/issue and the social/cultural context
c. Enables the client and the counselor to explore the context of past memories more fully
d. all of the above

A

all of the above

42
Q

What are the 7 focus dimensions?

A

Client, main theme or problem, others, mutual issues or group, counselor, cultural/environmental/contextual issues, here and now (immediacy)

43
Q

What are genograms?

A

Visual maps to help clients gain new perspectives on themselves and their relationships to their families and their communities; can bring to life the “internalized voices” affecting the client

44
Q

What are community genograms?

A

helps you and your clients understand their relation to their environment and show both stressors and assets in their lives

45
Q

Advocacy and social action may be necessary when you discover that the client’s issues cannot be resolved through the session alone. True or false.

A

True. Counseling should be described as a social justice profession.

46
Q

The goal of much North American counseling and therapy is individual self-actualization versus self-in-relation. True or false.

A

True. Other cultures should typically be focused on the development of harmony with others, considering family and community

47
Q

Moving from focus to focus can help ____ your clients’ cognitive complexity and their ____ of the many interconnecting issues in making decisions.

A

increase; awareness

48
Q

With some clients who may be scattered in their thinking, a ____ focus may be wise

A

single

49
Q

What is “stuckness”?

A

An inelegant but highly descriptive term coined by the Gestalt theorist Fritz Perls to describe the opposite of intentionality, or a lack of creativity

50
Q

Empathic confrontation is an influencing skill that invites clients to examine their stories for discrepancies:

a. between verbal and nonverbal communication,
b. between expressed attitudes and behaviors,
c. conflict with others,
d. all of the above

A

all of the above

51
Q

Effective confrontation leads clients to creative new ways of thinking and increased intentionality. True or false?

A

True. Counselors use gentle confrontation to facilitate change, movement, and transformation (restorying and action)

52
Q

What is the definition of confrontation?

A

A supportive challenge in which you note incongruities and discrepancies and then feed back or paraphrase those discrepancies to the client; work through the resolution of the discrepancy

53
Q

What is the Client Change Scale?

A

A tool to examine the effect that microskills and confrontation have on client verbalizations immediately in the session

54
Q

Confrontation is believed to be relevant to all clients, but it must be worded to meet individual and cultural needs. True or false.

A

True. Do not expect individuals in any cultural group always to follow one pattern; avoid stereotyping and adapt confrontation to individual and cultural differences

55
Q

What is Racial/Cultural Identity Development (R/CID) model?

A

Developed by Sue and Sue, it includes five stages of development to help the counselor understand where the client is in his or her cultural identity development and determine the role of cultural/contextual factors; counselors can offer interventions to empower clients to embrace their cultural identity, promote life improvements, and assess progress

56
Q

What are the five stages of of the R/CID model?

A
  1. conformity, 2. dissonance, 3. resistance and immersion, 4. introspection, and integrative awareness