Module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

To understand how your client feels about a topic, it is usually helpful to:
reinforce “I statements” by repetition of key words.
mirror the body posture of the client.
enhance client experiencing by encouraging discussion of emotions.
all of the above.

A

all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

“Could you share more about that?” This is a(n) ______ question.

open
closed

A

open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following is NOT an effective focus of observation?
Observe client’s non-verbal behavior.
Observe client’s verbal behavior.
Observe client’s ongoing thoughts.
Observe client’s discrepancies in verbal and non-verbal behavior

A

Observe client’s ongoing thoughts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Silence, minimum verbal utterances, and head nods are effective ways of

encouraging.
paraphrasing.
summarizing.
reflecting feeling.

A

encouraging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Positive facial expressions, minimum verbal utterances, and head nods are effective demonstrations of ____.

encouraging
paraphrasing
summarizing
empathizing

A

encouraging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If anything, informed consent when working with children is ___________________.
not an issue when you work in a well-organized school system
perhaps even more important than with adults
a concern to parents
all of the above

A

perhaps even more important than with adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
Which question stem is often oriented to bringing out feelings and/or client process?
  What 
  How 
  Why 
  Could
A

how

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Your client says, “I agree with you, but would not do what you suggested.” This shows a discrepancy between:

two verbal statements.
what one says and what one does.
you and the client.
nonverbal behaviors.

A

you and the client

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
Even the most advanced professional doesn’t always know what is happening. What can you do when you don’t know what to do?
  Question 
  Attend 
  Interrupt 
  Challenge
A

attend

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The most important function of summarizations is that
they feed back the essence of many things that might have been missed otherwise.
they break the routine of paraphrasing, questioning, and encouraging.
they bring together the things a client has been saying in an organized fashion.
they provide an opportunity for the interviewer to summarize his or her own ideas.

A

they bring together the things a client has been saying in an organized fashion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

“I can’t do it at all,” when said with congruent nonverbal gestures, is an example of ____.

a negative “I statement”
discrepant nonverbal communication
selective attention
verbal underlining

A

a negative “I statement”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
It is important to note when clients present observable discrepancies. A client may speak pleasantly about a friend while simultaneously clenching their fist. These discrepancies are known as \_\_\_\_.
  movement synchrony 
  movement complementarity 
  movement dissynchrony 
  none of the above
A

movement dissynchrony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

“Why did you do that?” This question may:

Make clients feel defensive.
Bring out client reasons for what they did.
Help clients think about what they did and why.
All of the above

A

all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
Closed questions can overwhelm clients.
Interviewers can totally control the session using closed questions.
Specific critical details can be expressed using closed questions.
All of the above

A

all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
"Unemployment just reached 11%. It's not my fault if I don't have a job" shows a discrepancy between \_\_\_\_.
  two verbal statements 
  the client and a situation 
  what one says and what one does 
  statements and nonverbal behavior
A

the client and a situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are three types of nonverbal behavior?

A

Facial expression, body language, and acculturation issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is acculturation?

A

The degree to which an individual has adopted the norms or standard way of behaving in a given culture

18
Q

What are 4 useful concepts when discussing verbal behavior?

A

key words, concreteness versus abstractions, “I” statements versus “other” statements, and identifying conflicts that clients show in their stories

19
Q

Observational skills include:

A

Nonverbal behavior; verbal behavior; and conflict and discrepancies

20
Q

Why are observation skills important?

A

Observational skills are a critical tool in determining how the client interprets the world; aware of the client in the here-and-now; clients tell about their world through verbal and nonverbal means

21
Q

What is nonverbal behavior?

A

Eye contact patterns, body language, facial clues, and vocal qualities;

22
Q

What is verbal behavior?

A

patterns of verbal tracking; topic changing (& who initiated it); concrete or abstract language; “I” or “other” statements; balance btw negative and positive statements as counseling progresses

23
Q

What are conflict and discrepancies?

A

Incongruities, mixed messages, and contradictions

Counselor should identify, appropriately name, and feedback these to the client when appropriate

24
Q

When do discrepancies occur?

A

Between nonverbal behaviors, between two statements, between what clients say and what they do, between incompatible goals, or between statements and nonverbal behavior
Could also occur btw people or btw client and a situation

25
Q

What are open questions?

A

Those that can’t be answered in a few words; facilitate deeper exploration of client issues; encourage paling and provide maximum information; Typically begin with ‘what’, ‘how’, ‘why’, and ‘could’

26
Q

What are closed questions?

A

Enable you to obtain specifics and can usually be answered in a few words; provide useful info; burden of guiding the talk remains on the counselor; typically begin with ‘is’, ‘are’, or ‘do’

27
Q

Why are questions important?

A

They help begin the session, open new areas for discussion, assist in pinpointing and clarifying issues, and assist the client in self-exploration

28
Q

Why are “what else?” questions useful?

A

They add to the story and bring out missing data; maximally open and allow the client considerable control

29
Q

Why is positive approach needed during questioning?

A

Counseling tends to focus on life challenges and problems and can easily overemphasize concerns and difficulties; finding a balance between these and client strengths, supports in the family or friendship group, as well as past and present accomplishment are helpful

30
Q

How do questions and multicultural issues connect?

A

Some questions turn off clients; North Americans are considered rude and intrusive with their typical “rapid fire” questioning; Trust must be established first

However, questions help find the client’s personal, family, and cultural/contextual resources, if properly structured and purposeful; can help clients reach their own goals

31
Q

What are three important active listening skills?

A

Encouraging, paraphrasing, and summarizing

32
Q

What are encouragers?

A

A variety of verbal and nonverbal means the counselor can use to encourage others to continue taking; include head nods, open palm, “uh-huh”, repetition of key words

33
Q

What are restatements?

A

Extended encourages using exact words of client and are less likely to determine what the client might say next

34
Q

What are paraphrases?

A

Feeding back to the client the essence of what has just been said by shortening and clarifying client comments; not parroting

35
Q

What are summarizations?

A

Similar to paraphrases except longer and more information; attention given to emotions and feelings as they are expressed by the client

36
Q

When can summarizations be used?

A

Beginning of session as a recap of last session, transition to new topic, provide clarity in lengthy and complex client stories, and to end the session

37
Q

What is the purpose of the checkout?

A

It is a “perception check” that gives the counselor an opportunity to determine the accuracy of the summary; also allows clients a chance to think about what they have said

38
Q

What four dimensions are used in paraphrasing and summarizing?

A

A sentence stem (‘I hear you saying…”); key words; the essence of what the client has said in distilled form; and a checkout (“Have I heard you correctly?”

39
Q

Deliberate, repeated practice is essential to master the use of encouraging, paraphrasing, and summarizing in an effective way. True or false?

A

True. Reduces your changes of sounding mechanical and increases your capacity of helping your client

40
Q

A lack of supporting nonverbal behaviors can negate accurate paraphrasing or summarization. True or False?

A

True