Module 53 - Therapy

Question 1

Two Major Categories: 1)

Answer 1

1) Biomedical

2) Psychotherapy

Question 2

Biomedical

Answer 2

involve drugs or medical procedures Best: conditions with biological basis schizophrenia

Question 3

Psychotherapy

Answer 3

based on psychological principles (dozen types)
e.g. Learning-based, humanistic, cognitive, psychodynamic “trained” psychotherapists (no medications)
Best: phobias, personality disorders, substance abuse

Question 4

Psychoanalysis:

Answer 4

discover unconscious origin of psychological problems believed to be repressed childhood traumas, conflicts bring unconscious causes into conscious awareness awareness leads to release of hidden forces.

Question 5

Methods: (To gain access to unconscious)

Answer 5

1. Free Association
2. Resistance
3. Transference

Question 6

Free Association:

Answer 6

patient relaxes on couch (therapist remains out of sight). Patient told to say whatever comes to mind (recent dreams, remote memories)

Question 7

Resistance:

Answer 7

when getting closer to unconscious motives, patient may pause, laugh, or change subject… nothing is by accident. These areas would then be explored.

Question 8

Transference:

Answer 8

patient acts begins to act toward therapist as though therapist were figure from past (hostility or desire)
Interpretation: Therapist explains meanings of thoughts, pauses, dream content etc. to patient.

Question 9

Psychodynamic Therapy:

Answer 9

• Similar to psychoanalysis
• Uncover childhood relationship problems (let’s talk about your relationship with your mother…)
• Examines relationship with therapist for insights (transference)
• Explores defended against thoughts (like repression)

Question 10

Interpersonal Psychotherapy

Answer 10

brief version of psychodynamic therapy

Question 11

Humanistic Psychotherapy

Answer 11

Emphasizes inherent tendency for growth (self-actualization)

Question 12

Unconditional Positive Regard:

Answer 12

In a non-judgemental environment, clients more likely to

accept their worse traits yet feel valued

Question 13

Behavior Therapies

Answer 13

doubt the healing power of self-awareness.

knowing you are afraid of sharks in pool, doesn’t help

Question 14

Counterconditioning

Answer 14

goal is to replace a negative response (CR) to a (harmless) stimulus with an incompatible positive CR (e.g. relaxation) through conditioning

Question 15

Exposure Therapies

Answer 15

Systematic Desensitization (phobia)
construct hierarchy of imagined anxiety producing situations.
train person to relax (new CR) and to imagine least fearful scene on list (pairing US with new CR)

Question 16

Aversive Conditioning

Answer 16

Replacing a positive response (CR) to a harmful stimulus with an incompatible negative (aversive) response (CR)

Question 17

Behavior Modification:

Answer 17

Increase a desired behavior:
1) give positive stimulus (praise, money)
2) remove negative one (negative reinforcement)
Decrease an undesired behavior:
1) withhold positive stimulus (time out) 2) apply negative stimulus (punishment)

Question 18

Limitations:

Answer 18

Behavioral changes may not persist beyond boundaries of token economy (no longer reinforced)

Question 19

Cognitive Therapies

Answer 19

Learning based therapies may work for anxiety disorders with identified source of anxiety

Question 20

Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Answer 20

Involves teaching the patient how to recognize unhealthy impulses, feelings or thoughts that lead to unhealthy behavior.

Question 21

Group/Family Therapies

Answer 21

Several types: One tries to work out conflict/resolve issues among groups of acquainted people (families, spouses, employees)