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Psych 10 > Module 52-3: psychological, biomedical therapies > Flashcards

Module 52-3: psychological, biomedical therapies Flashcards

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1
Q

psychotherapy

A

an interactive experience with a trained professional, working on understanding and changing behavior, thinking, relationships, and emotions

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2
Q

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

A
  • focuses on how what you think and feel influence your behavior
  • restructure maladaptive thoughts, increase adaptive behaviors
    CHANGE oriented
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3
Q

cognitive behavioral therapy sessions

A
  • vrey structured, skills-based therapy
  • typically only lasts 10-14 wks
  • equal collaboration between client and therapist: therapist serves as a teacher of skills and is actively involved during the session
  • start with psychoeducation, hw every week
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4
Q

cognitive behavioral cycle

A

thoughts, behavior, feelings all influence each other

if you fail a test and decide to watch netflix – only makes you feel worse rather than running

if you get the highest grade, you go out and do more things yay

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5
Q

biomedical therapy

A

the use of medications and other procedures acting directly on the body to reduce the symptoms of mental disorders

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6
Q

eclectic approach (combining therapies)

A

uses techniques from various forms of therapy to fit the client’s problems, strengths, and preferences

  • medication and psychotherapy can be used together, and may help the each other achieve better reduction in symptoms
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7
Q

cognitive restructuring process (CBT)

A
  • track thoughts, identify maladaptive thoughts normally you’re not even cognizant of what you’re feeling
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8
Q

cognitive distortions (CBT)

A
  • catastrophizing
  • neg filter
  • overgeneralizing
  • labeling
  • discounting positives
  • mind reading
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9
Q

cognitive restructuring interventions (CBT)

A

identify alternative, helpful thoughts
- how can you make this thought more accurate, complete balanced?
- silver lining?
- what would you say to a friend in your situation?
- your alternative thought must feel true to you
- pos. event scheduling
- problem solving
practice practice practice

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10
Q

CBT behavioral activation/pleasant events scheduling (part of CBT intervention)

A

ex: go running, go for a walk, call a friend, cook, eat a piece of cake, rate mood before and after

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11
Q

CBT: problem solving (intervention CBT)

A
  • identify obstacles in doing cbt hw, brainstorm possible solutions, pick one to try, continue down list until you find a soln that works
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12
Q

CBT coping skills (intervention)

A
  • breathing training
  • progressive muscle relaxation
  • mindful practice
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13
Q

CBT exposure (CBT intervention)

A

goal: reduce behavioral avoidance
psychoed - anxiety curve
create fear hierarchy and situational exposure diary

1) picture of needle
4) touching a needle
5) getting a shot

habituate yourself to reduce anxiety over time

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14
Q

CBT evidence based treatment

A
  • determining treatment through evaluating effectiveness of treatment through research
  • research has indicated that CBT is one of the most efficacious treatments for anxiety disorders and depression
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15
Q

schools of psychotherapy

A

cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) - Skinner, Pavlov, Beck

acceptance and commitment therapy - Hayes

dialectical behavioral therapy - Marsha Linehan (U Wash)

psychodynamic therapy - Freud’s legacy

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16
Q

Aceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

A
  • acceptance –> change
  • change perspective on these thoughts, know that suffering is normal
  • accept negative thoughts and emotions, commit to taking behaviors that are aligned with your values
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17
Q

ACT treatment structure

A

10-14 sessions

  • integrates common CBT practices
  • begins with brief mindfulness exercise (focus on breath)
  • weaves didactic info into experiential practice
  • utilizes several metaphors (eg. passengers on a bus)
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18
Q

ACT planning interventions

A
  • what valued direction does the patient want to move in?
  • identify barriers to values-aligned living
    cognitive fusion, experiential avoidance, unworkable action?
19
Q

cognitive fusion (ACT)

A

what problematic rules, judgments, self-descriptions, etc is the patient fused with (accepting as true?)

20
Q

experiential avoidance (ACT)

A

what emotions sensations memories is the patient trying to avoid?

21
Q

unworkable action (ACT)

A

what is the patient doing that keeps them stuck?

22
Q

values (ACT)

A

what give you a sense of meaning in your life (ongoing)

ex: be a loving spouse

23
Q

cognitive defusion (ACT)

A
  • say milk repeatedly for 30 seconds – it literally becomes just a word
  • sing your negative thoughts or say them as a news reporter
24
Q

ACT interventions: mindfulness

A

breathing, the present etc

25
Q

ACT goals

A

can be completed

ex: get married

26
Q

ACT get thinking:

A

what would you want someone to say about you at your funeral? 75th bday party, kids – identify values in difff domains, use your values as a compass

27
Q

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)

A
  • developed to treat borderline personality disorder
28
Q

ACT/CBT effectiveness

A
  • shown to be most efficacious therapy for anxiety and depression
  • ACT is also effective at treating and preventing depression and chronic pain
  • ACT, CBT equally effective for anxiety disorders
29
Q

Borderline personality disorder

A
  • frantic efforts to avoid abandonment (real or imagined)
  • pattern unstable and intense interpersonal relationships
  • unstable self image
  • impulsivity
  • suicidality
  • emotional instability
  • feeligns of emptiness
  • paranoid
  • uncontrollable anger
30
Q

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) - 4 core skills

A

regulate emotions rather than problematic behaviors by:

1) mindfulness
2) interpersonal effectiveness (working on interactions)
3) emotion regulation
4) distress tolerance

31
Q

DBT Hierarchy

A

1) suicide and self harm
2) therapy interfering behaviors
3) quality of life behaviors

32
Q

components of DBT

A
  • indiv therapy
  • skill group
  • phone coaching
  • consultation team
33
Q

DBT effective for

A
  • Borderline personality disorder
  • eating disorders
  • elderly patients with depression and personality disorders
34
Q

psychoanalysis

A

Freud’s techniques for the unconscious

free association
interpretation of free association, dreams

35
Q

psychodynamic therapy (updated psychoanalysis)

A
  • fewer sessions but can last for years – not skills based
  • less id ego superego theory
  • identifies maladaptive relationship patterns with the therapist that might generalize to the person’s real life
  • uses therapist patient interaction to identify patterns of thinking and relating to others (any potential problem areas for change)
  • good for only maladaptive behaviors not for anxiety or others
36
Q

psychopharmacology

A

study of drug effects on behavior, mood, and the mind

37
Q

antipsychotic

A

blocks dopamine receptors

  • treatment of positive schizo symptoms
  • side effects tardive dyskinesia (facial tongue body movements), diabetes, movement problems including sluggishness
38
Q

antianxiety

A
  • slows nervous system activity in the body and brain could be used for ptsd
  • temporarily reduces worried thinking and physical agitation
  • side effects slowed thnking reduced learnign, dependence, withdrawal
39
Q

antidepressant

A
  • increasing levels of serotonin sometimes norepinephrine at synapses by inhibiting reuptake
  • improves mood and control over depressing/anxious thoughts
  • side effects: dry mouth, constipation, reduced sexual desire and or response
40
Q

mood stabilizers

A

unsure how they work

  • reduces mania highs and depressive lows (lithium)
  • blood levels must be monitored
41
Q

ADHD “stimulants”

A
  • blocking reuptake of dopamine from synapses
  • help control impulses, reduce distractibility and need for stimulation including fidgeting
  • decreases appetite
42
Q

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A
  • induces mild seizure that disrupts severe depression for some people
  • might allow neural re-wiring and boost neurogenesis
  • neg. effect: memory loss
43
Q

therapeutic lifestyle change

A
  • exercise
  • changing neg thoughts to improve mood and maybe rewire brain
  • meetin basic needs for sleep, nutrition, ligth meaningful activity, social connection

Psych 10 (9 decks)

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