Module 29: intelligence

Question 1

intelligence tests

Answer 1

series of questions and other exercises which attempt to assess people’s mental abilities in a way that generates a numerical score, so that one person can be compared to antoher

Question 2

intelligence in terms of test

Answer 2

can be defined as whatever intelligence tests measure

– college entrance test measures how good you are at scoring well on that test

Question 3

intelligence

Answer 3

be it math ability or understanding of plants
LEARN SOLVE ADAPT
the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

Question 4

general intelligence (g)

Answer 4

people who do well in one area of skills do well in another, have high “g”

• Charles Spearman

Question 5

factor analysis

Answer 5

a statistical technique that determines how different variables related to each other; for example whether they form clusters that tend to vary together

Question 6

Thurstone’s 7 clusters of abilites

Answer 6

he disagreed with general measure and trait of overall intelligence

1) verbal comprehension
2) inductive reasoning
3) word fluency
4) spatial ability
5) memory
6) perceptual speed
7) numerical ability

however, further analysis showed that people who were strong in one cluster tended to be strong in other clusters (like general)

Question 7

savant syndrome

Answer 7

having isolated “islands” of high ability amidsts a sea of below-average cognitive and social functioning

Question 8

Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences

Answer 8

different people have intelligence/ability in different areas but there may be a correlation among these intelligences

• linguistic
• logical-mathematical
• musical
• spatial
• bodily-kinetic
• intrapersonal
• interpersonal
• naturalist

Question 9

intelligence and wealth

Answer 9

• wealth tends to be related to intelligence test scores PLUS
• focused effort (practice), taking 10+ years to achieve success-level expertise
• social support and connections
• hard work and energetic persistence (grit)

Question 10

Sternberg’s intelligence triarchy

Answer 10

practical, analytical, creative

Question 11

practical intelligence

Answer 11

expertise and talent that help to complete the tasks and manage the complex challenges of everyday life

Question 12

analytical intelligence

Answer 12

solving a well-defined problem with a single answer

Question 13

creative intelligence

Answer 13

generating new ideas to help adapt to novel situations

Question 14

spearman’s general intelligence (g) summary and faults

Answer 14

“a basic intelligence predicts our abilities in varied academic areas”

• humans are too diverse to be encapsulated by a single general intelligence factor

Question 15

Thurstone’s primary mental abilities; summary and faults

Answer 15

“our intelligence may be broken down into 7 factors”

• even his 7 mental abilities show a tendency to cluster, suggesting an underlying g factor

Question 16

Gardner’s multiple intelligences

Answer 16

“our abilities are best classified into 8 indept. intelligences, which include a broad range of skills beyond traditional school smarts”

• should all of our abilities be considered “intelligences”? shouldn’t some be called less vital “talents”?

Question 17

creativity

Answer 17

ability to produce ideas that are novel and valuable

Question 18

convergent thinking

Answer 18

left-brain activity involving zeroing in on a single correct answer

Question 19

divergent thinking

Answer 19

used in creative thought

ability to generate new ideas, new actions, and multiple options and answers

Question 20

Sternberg’s 5 components of creativity

Answer 20

1) creative environment
2) intrinsic motivation
3) venturesome personality
4) imaginative thinking
5) expertise

Question 21

Sternberg’s 5 components of creativity: creative environment

Answer 21

having support, feedback, encouragement, and time and space to think

Question 22

Sternberg’s 5 components of creativity: intrinsic motivation

Answer 22

enjoying the pursuit of interests and challenge, without needing external direction or rewards

Question 23

Sternberg’s 5 components of creativity: venturesome personality

Answer 23

tending to seek out new experiences despite risk, ambiguity, and obstacles

Question 24

Sternberg’s 5 components of creativity: imaginative thinking

Answer 24

having the ability to see new perspectives, combinations, and connections

Question 25

Sternberg’s 5 components of creativity: expertise

Answer 25

possessing a well-developed base of knowledge

Question 26

boosting creativity

Answer 26

• pursue an interest until you develop expertise
• allow time for incubation (sleep on it) with your attention away from projects, during which unconscious connections can form
• improve mental flexibility by experiencing other cultures and ways of thinking

Question 27

social intelligence

Answer 27

ability to navigate social situations

Question 28

emotional intelligence

Answer 28

processing and managing the emotional component of those social situations, including one’s own emotions

Question 29

components of emotional intelligence

Answer 29

1) perceiving emotions (recognizing them)
2) understanding emotions (being able to see blended emotions, predict them and changes in self and others)
3) managing emotions (in various situations)
4) using emotions (as fuel and motivation for creative, adaptive thinking)

Question 30

benefits of emotional intelligence

Answer 30

• ability to delay gratification while pursuing long-term goals
• level of emotional intelligence (including reading others’ emotions) correlates with success in career and other social situations

Question 31

physical attributes of “genius”

Answer 31

• overall brain size
• size of brain regions like parietal lobe
• high brain activity in the frontal and parietal lobes
• extra gray matter volume (more brain cell bodies, seen as more brain surface area/convolutions)
• extra white matter volume (axons) leading to high connectivity among different regions

Question 32

intelligence and brain functioning

Answer 32

• activity of the front part of the frontal lobes to organize and coordinate info
• using less energy to solve problems than the brains of “normal” people

Question 33

intelligence and processing speed

Answer 33

verbal and general intelligence test scores correlate with speed of:

• retrieving info from memory
• receiving and processing sensory and perceptual info