Module 5 Test Flashcards
What was the American Equal Rights Association?
The American Equal Rights Association, formed in 1866, was a group advocating for equal rights for all citizens, including women’s suffrage and the abolition of racial discrimination.
What was the American Party?
The American Party, also known as the Know-Nothing Party, was a nativist political party in the 1850s that opposed immigration and Catholic influence, focusing on restricting the rights of immigrants
What was the Battle of Antietam?
The Battle of Antietam, fought in 1862, was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, resulting in a tactical draw but giving President Lincoln the opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamatio
What was the Battle of Gettysburg?
The Battle of Gettysburg, fought in 1863, was a significant turning point in the Civil War, where Union forces repelled a Confederate invasion of the North, marking the Confederacy’s last major offensive into Union territory.
What was the Battle of Shiloh?
The Battle of Shiloh, fought in 1862, was a major early battle in the Civil War in Tennessee, where Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant won a costly victory over Confederate forces.
What were Black Codes?
Black Codes were laws passed in Southern states after the Civil War to restrict the rights and freedoms of African Americans, limiting their mobility, voting rights, and economic opportunities.
What was the California Gold Rush?
The California Gold Rush began in 1849 when gold was discovered in California, leading to a massive influx of people seeking wealth and contributing to California’s rapid admission to the Union.
What was a carpetbagger?
A carpetbagger was a derogatory term for Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War, often for economic or political gain, particularly during the Reconstruction period.
What was the Civil Rights Act of 1875?
The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was a law that prohibited discrimination in public accommodations, such as theaters and hotels, but it was poorly enforced and was eventually overturned by the Supreme Court.
What was the Compromise of 1850?
The Compromise of 1850 was a set of laws designed to resolve the dispute over slavery in new territories, including the Fugitive Slave Act and the admission of California as a free state.
What was the Compromise of 1877?
The Compromise of 1877 was an informal agreement that resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election, leading to the withdrawal of federal troops from the South and the end of Reconstruction.
What was the Confederate States of America?
The Confederate States of America was a government formed by Southern states that seceded from the Union in 1861, with Jefferson Davis as its president, during the American Civil War.
What were the Confiscation Acts?
The Confiscation Acts were laws passed during the Civil War that allowed the Union to seize Confederate property, including enslaved people, and declare them free.
What were Copperheads?
Copperheads were Northern Democrats who opposed the Civil War and advocated for peace with the Confederacy, often criticizing Lincoln’s administration and war policies.
What was the Crittenden Plan?
The Crittenden Plan, proposed in 1860, was a series of constitutional amendments designed to protect slavery in Southern states and territories to avoid civil war, but it was ultimately unsuccessful.
What was the Dred Scott v. Sandford case?
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) was a Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that African Americans, whether free or enslaved, could not be U.S. citizens and that Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in the territories.
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863, declared all enslaved persons in Confederate-held territories to be free, changing the character of the Civil War.
What were the Enforcement Acts?
The Enforcement Acts (1870-1871), also known as the Ku Klux Klan Acts, were laws passed to protect African Americans’ rights to vote, hold office, and receive equal protection under the law.
Who were the Exodusters?
The Exodusters were African Americans who migrated from the South to Kansas and other Western states in the late 1870s, seeking better economic opportunities and escaping racial violence.
What was Field Order Number 15?
Field Order Number 15, issued by General William Tecumseh Sherman in 1865, set aside land for freed African Americans on the Southern coast, but it was later revoked by President Andrew Johnson.
What was the Fifteenth Amendment?
The Fifteenth Amendment, ratified in 1870, granted voting rights to all male citizens, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What is filibuster?
A filibuster is a political strategy used in the U.S. Senate to delay or block a vote on a bill, often by giving long speeches or other tactics to prevent a final decision.
What was the First Battle of Bull Run?
The First Battle of Bull Run, fought in 1861, was the first major battle of the Civil War. The Confederate victory shattered the Union’s hopes for a quick war and indicated the war would be longer and more brutal than expected.
What were the Force Acts?
The Force Acts (1870-1871) were laws passed to combat the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacist groups, enabling federal troops to intervene to protect the rights of African Americans in the South.
What was the Fourteenth Amendment?
The Fourteenth Amendment, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including formerly enslaved people.
What was the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793?
The Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 was a law that required the return of runaway slaves to their owners, even if they had escaped to a free state.
What was the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850?
The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was part of the Compromise of 1850 and required that escaped slaves be returned to their masters even if they were found in free states, leading to widespread protests in the North.
What was the Gasden Purchase?
The Gadsden Purchase of 1853 was an agreement in which the U.S. bought land from Mexico (now part of Arizona and New Mexico) to facilitate the construction of a southern transcontinental railroad.
What was the Great Railway Strike of 1877?
The Great Railway Strike of 1877 was a nationwide strike in response to wage cuts and poor working conditions, marking the first major railroad strike in U.S. history, which led to violence and the intervention of federal troops.
What is habeus corpus?
Habeas corpus is a legal principle that protects individuals from unlawful detention, requiring authorities to justify a person’s imprisonment before a court.
What was the Homestead Act?
The Homestead Act of 1862 granted 160 acres of public land to settlers for a small fee, provided they improved the land by building a dwelling and cultivating crops, encouraging westward expansion.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 allowed settlers in Kansas and Nebraska to decide by popular sovereignty whether they would permit slavery, leading to violent conflict known as “Bleeding Kansas.”
Who were the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan?
The Ku Klux Klan (KKK), founded in 1865, was a white supremacist group that sought to intimidate and control African Americans and other minority groups, particularly in the South, through violence and terror.
What was the Liberty Party?
The Liberty Party was a political party founded in 1840 that opposed the expansion of slavery into the western territories, marking one of the first abolitionist political movements in the U.S.
What were the Lincoln-Douglas debates?
The Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of seven debates in 1858 between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas over the issue of slavery, highlighting the growing national divide on the issue.
What was Manifest Destiny?
Manifest Destiny was the 19th-century belief that the United States was destined to expand across the North American continent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, often justifying the displacement of Native American tribes.
What was the Mexican-American War?
The Mexican-American War, fought from 1846 to 1848, resulted in the U.S. gaining vast territories, including California, Arizona, and New Mexico, following the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
What were the Military Reconstruction Acts?
The Military Reconstruction Acts of 1867 divided the South into military districts and required Southern states to ratify the 14th Amendment and grant voting rights to African Americans before being readmitted to the Union.
What was the National Women Suffrage Association?
The National Woman Suffrage Association, founded in 1869 by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, worked for women’s rights, particularly the right to vote.
What was the Oregon Trail?
The Oregon Trail was a 2,000-mile route used by settlers traveling westward to Oregon in the 1840s and 1850s, particularly during the era of Manifest Destiny.
What was the Ostend Manifesto?
The Ostend Manifesto, issued in 1854, was a diplomatic document that outlined the U.S. government’s desire to acquire Cuba by force if Spain refused to sell it, but it was met with criticism and was ultimately abandoned.
What was the Panic of 1873?
The Panic of 1873 was a severe economic depression triggered by the collapse of the railroad industry and the banking system, leading to widespread unemployment and financial instability.
What was popular sovereignty?
Popular sovereignty was the concept that settlers in a territory should decide by vote whether to permit slavery, central to the debates around the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
Radical Republicans were a faction of the Republican Party during and after the Civil War who sought to grant full civil rights to freed slaves and punish the South for secession.
What was Reconstruction?
Reconstruction was the period following the Civil War (1865-1877) in which the federal government attempted to rebuild the Southern states, reintegrate them into the Union, and establish legal equality for African Americans.
