Module 3 Test Flashcards
What was the significance of the Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War(1754-1763)) in North America?
It marked a conflict between Britain and France for control over North American territory, ending in British victory and control of French territories. It also led to the end of Salutary Neglect and increased British taxation on the colonies.
What did the Peace of Paris (1763) do?
It ended the Seven Years’ War, with France ceding most of its North American territories to Britain.
What was the Proclamation Line of 1763 and why did it anger colonists?
It was a British decree forbidding colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains to prevent conflict with Native Americans, angering colonists who wanted to expand westward.
What did “taxation without representation” mean to the colonists?
It was the colonial argument that they should not be taxed by the British Parliament, where they had no elected representatives.
What was the policy of Salutary Neglect?
A British policy of loosely enforcing colonial regulations, which ended after the Seven Years’ War, leading to increased colonial resentment.
What was the Quartering Act of 1765?
A law requiring colonists to house and supply British soldiers stationed in America.
What was the purpose of the Sugar Act (1764)?
To raise revenue for Britain by taxing sugar and molasses imported into the colonies.
How did the Currency Act affect the colonies?
It prohibited the colonies from issuing their own paper money, leading to economic difficulties.
What did the Stamp Act require?
It required colonists to purchase a stamp for every piece of printed paper, such as newspapers and legal documents, leading to widespread protest.
What was the idea of Virtual Representation?
The British argument that the colonies were represented in Parliament, even though they did not elect members, because Parliament represented all British subjects.
Who were the Sons of Liberty?
A group of colonial activists who organized protests and boycotts against British policies, including the Stamp Act.
What role did the Daughters of Liberty play in colonial resistance?
They supported boycotts of British goods by producing homemade goods and encouraging colonial self-reliance.
What was the significance of the Stamp Act Congress?
It was a meeting of representatives from several colonies to protest the Stamp Act, asserting that only colonial assemblies had the right to tax the colonies.
What did the Declaratory Act assert?
After repealing the Stamp Act, Parliament passed the Declaratory Act, stating it had the right to legislate for the colonies “in all cases whatsoever.”
What were the Townshend Acts and why did they anger the colonists?
A series of taxes on goods like glass, paper, and tea imported to the colonies, which increased colonial resistance and boycotts.
What happened during the Boston Massacre?
British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists, killing five, fueling anti-British sentiment and propaganda.
What was the Tea Act, and why did it lead to the Boston Tea Party?
The Tea Act allowed the British East India Company to sell tea directly to the colonies at a reduced price, undercutting colonial merchants. Colonists saw it as another form of taxation without representation, leading to the Boston Tea Party.
What was the Boston Tea Party?
A protest by the Sons of Liberty, who dumped British tea into Boston Harbor in response to the Tea Act.
What were the Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts)?
A series of punitive laws passed by Britain in response to the Boston Tea Party, including closing Boston Harbor and revoking Massachusetts’ charter.
How did the Quebec Act anger the American colonists?
It extended Quebec’s boundary into the Ohio Valley and granted rights to Catholics, angering Protestant colonists who saw it as favoritism toward French Canadians.
What were the philosophical foundations of the American Revolution?
Ideas of natural rights, Enlightenment principles, and republicanism, as reflected in the Declaration of Independence.
What was the purpose of the First Continental Congress?
To coordinate a response to the Intolerable Acts, including organizing a boycott of British goods and preparing for possible military action.
What did the Second Continental Congress do?
It managed the colonial war effort and eventually declared independence from Britain in 1776.
What was the significance of the Battle of Bunker Hill?
Although the British won the battle, it showed that the colonial forces could stand up to the British army, boosting American morale.
What was the Continental Army, and who led it?
The army established by the Second Continental Congress to fight the British, led by George Washington.
What was Dunmore’s Proclamation?
A decree by the royal governor of Virginia offering freedom to enslaved people who joined the British army, aiming to weaken colonial resistance.
What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?
To formally declare the American colonies’ separation from Britain and outline the principles of individual liberty and government by consent of the governed.
Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point in the American Revolution?
It was a major American victory that convinced France to join the war as an ally to the colonies.
What was the significance of the Battle of Yorktown?
The British defeat at Yorktown, with the help of French forces, effectively ended the American Revolution.
What did the Treaty of Paris (1783) accomplish?
It officially ended the Revolutionary War, recognizing American independence and establishing borders for the new nation.
What were the Articles of Confederation?
The first constitution of the United States, which created a weak central government and gave most powers to the states.
