Module 5 Muscles

Question 1

Pectoralis Major - Innervation

Answer 1

UPPER FIBRES:
Lateral pectoral nerve

LOWER FIBRES:
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

Question 2

Pectoralis Major - Origin

Answer 2

Medial 1/2 clavicle
Sternum
Cartilage of ribs 1-6

Question 3

Pectoralis major - Insertion

Answer 3

Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

Question 4

Pectoralis Major - Actions

Answer 4

ALL FIBRES:
ADDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
Assist to ELEVATE the thorax during forced inhalation (with the arm fixed)

UPPER FIBRES:
FLEX the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
HORIZONTALLY ADDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

LOWER FIBRES:
EXTEND the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

Question 5

Quadratus Lumborum - Innervation

Answer 5

Lumbar plexus T12, L1, 2, 3

Question 6

Quadratus Lumborum - Origin

Answer 6

Posterior iliac crest

Question 7

Quadratus Lumborum - Insertion

Answer 7

Last rib
Transverse processes of L1-4

Question 8

Quadratus Lumborum - Actions

Answer 8

UNILATERALLY:
LATERALLY TILT (ELEVATE) the pelvis
LATERALLY FLEX the vertebral column to the SAME SIDE

BILATERALLY:
Assist to EXTEND the vertebral column
FIX the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation
TILT the pelvis anteriorly

Question 9

INTERCOSTALS (External & Internal) - Innervation

Answer 9

Thoracic nerve

Question 10

INTERCOSTALS (External & Internal) - Origin

Answer 10

Inferior border of the rib above

Question 11

INTERCOSTALS (External & Internal) - Insertion

Answer 11

Superior border of the rib below

Question 12

INTERCOSTALS (External & Internal) - Actions

Answer 12

EXTERNAL:
Draw the ribs superiorly (Increasing the space of the thoracic cavity) to assist with inhalation

INTERNAL:
Draw the ribs inferiorly (decreasing the space of the thoracic cavity) to assist with exhalation

Question 13

Rectus Abdominis - Innervation

Answer 13

T5, 6, 7-11, T12, ventral rami

Question 14

Rectus Abdominis - Origin

Answer 14

Pubic crest
Pubic symphysis

Question 15

Rectus Abdominis - Insertion

Answer 15

Cartilage of ribs 5-7
Xiphoid process

Question 16

Rectus Abdominis - Actions

Answer 16

FLEX the vertebral column
TILT the pelvis posteriorly

Question 17

External Obliques - Innervation

Answer 17

(T5, 6), T7-11, T12

Question 18

External Obliques - Origin

Answer 18

External surfaces of ribs 5-12

Question 19

External Obliques - Insertion

Answer 19

Anterior part of the iliac crest
Rectus sheath to linea alba

Question 20

External Obliques - Actions

Answer 20

UNILATERALLY:
LATERALLY FLEX vertebral column to same side
ROTATE vertebral column to opposite side

BILATERALLY:
FLEX the vertebral column
COMPRESS the abdominal contents

Question 21

Internal Obliques - Innervation

Answer 21

T7, 8, T9-12, L1,
Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal,
Ventral rami

Question 22

Internal obliques - origin

Answer 22

Lateral inguinal ligament
Iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia

Question 23

Internal obliques - insertion

Answer 23

Internal surface of the lower 3 ribs
Rectus sheath to linea alba

Question 24

Internal obliques - actions

Answer 24

UNILATERALLY:
LATERALLY FLEX vertebral column to same side
ROTATE vertebral column to same side

BILATERALLY:
FLEX the vertebral column
COMPRESS the abdominal contents

Question 25

Diaphragm - innervation

Answer 25

Phrenic C3, 4, 5

Question 26

Diaphragm - Origin

Answer 26

COSTAL ATTACHMENT: Inner surface of the lower 6 ribs LUMBAR ATTACHMENT: Upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae STERNAL ATTACHMENT: Inner part of xiphoid process

Question 27

Diaphragm - insertion

Answer 27

Central tendon

Question 28

Diaphragm - Actions

Answer 28

DRAW DOWN the central tendon of the diaphragm INCREASE the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation

Question 29

Iliopsoas (Psoas Major & Iliacus) - Innervation

Answer 29

PSOAS MAJOR: Lumbar plexus L1, 2, 3, 4 ILIACUS: Femoral nerve L(1), 2, 3, 4

Question 30

Iliopsoas (Psoas Major & Iliacus) - origin

Answer 30

PSOAS MAJOR: Bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae ILIACUS: Iliac fossa

Question 31

Iliopsoas (Psoas Major & Iliacus) - insertion

Answer 31

BOTH: Lesser trochanter

Question 32

Iliopsoas (Psoas Major & Iliacus) - actions

Answer 32

WITH ORIGIN FIXED: FLEX the hip at the coxal joint May LATERALLY ROTATE the hip at the coxal joint WITH INSERTION FIXED: FLEX the trunk toward the thigh TILT the pelvis anteriorly PSOAS MAJOR ONLY: UNILATERALLY: Assist to LATERALLY FLEX the lumbar spine