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ACMT > All muscles > Flashcards

All muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis Major - Innervation

A

UPPER FIBRES: Lateral pectoral nerve
LOWER FIBRES: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

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2
Q

Pectoralis Major - Origin

A

Medial 1/2 clavicle
Sternum
Cartilage of ribs 1-6

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3
Q

Pectoralis major - Insertion

A

Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

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4
Q

Pectoralis Major - Actions

A

ALL FIBRES:
ADDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
Assist to ELEVATE the thorax during forced inhalation (with the arm fixed)

UPPER FIBRES:
FLEX the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
HORIZONTALLY ADDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

LOWER FIBRES:
EXTEND the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

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5
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - Innervation

A

Lumbar plexus T12, L1, 2, 3

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6
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - Origin

A

Posterior iliac crest

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7
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - Insertion

A

Last rib
Transverse processes of L1-4

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8
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - Actions

A

UNILATERALLY:
LATERALLY TILT (ELEVATE) the pelvis
LATERALLY FLEX the vertebral column to the SAME SIDE

BILATERALLY:
Assist to EXTEND the vertebral column
FIX the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation
TILT the pelvis anteriorly

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9
Q

INTERCOSTALS (External & Internal) - Innervation

A

Thoracic nerve

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10
Q

INTERCOSTALS (External & Internal) - Origin

A

Inferior border of the rib above

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11
Q

INTERCOSTALS (External & Internal) - Insertion

A

Superior border of the rib below

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12
Q

INTERCOSTALS (External & Internal) - Actions

A

EXTERNAL:
Draw the ribs superiorly (Increasing the space of the thoracic cavity) to assist with inhalation

INTERNAL:
Draw the ribs inferiorly (decreasing the space of the thoracic cavity) to assist with exhalation

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13
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Innervation

A

T5, 6, 7-11, T12, ventral rami

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14
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Origin

A

Pubic crest
Pubic symphysis

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15
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Insertion

A

Cartilage of ribs 5-7
Xiphoid process

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16
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Actions

A

FLEX the vertebral column
TILT the pelvis posteriorly

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17
Q

External Obliques - Innervation

A

(T5, 6), T7-11, T12

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18
Q

External Obliques - Origin

A

External surfaces of ribs 5-12

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19
Q

External Obliques - Insertion

A

Anterior part of the iliac crest
Rectus sheath to linea alba

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20
Q

External Obliques - Actions

A

UNILATERALLY:
LATERALLY FLEX vertebral column to same side
ROTATE vertebral column to opposite side

BILATERALLY:
FLEX the vertebral column
COMPRESS the abdominal contents

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21
Q

Internal Obliques - Innervation

A

T7, 8, T9-12, L1, Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, Ventral rami

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22
Q

Internal obliques - origin

A

Lateral inguinal ligament
Iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia

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23
Q

Internal obliques - insertion

A

Internal surface of the lower 3 ribs
Rectus sheath to linea alba

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24
Q

Internal obliques - actions

A

UNILATERALLY:
LATERALLY FLEX vertebral column to same side
ROTATE vertebral column to same side

BILATERALLY:
FLEX the vertebral column
COMPRESS the abdominal contents

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25
Q

Diaphragm - innervation

A

Phrenic C3, 4, 5

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26
Q

Diaphragm - Origin

A

COSTAL ATTACHMENT:
Inner surface of the lower 6 ribs

LUMBAR ATTACHMENT:
Upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae

STERNAL ATTACHMENT:
Inner part of xiphoid process

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27
Q

Diaphragm - insertion

A

Central tendon

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28
Q

Diaphragm - Actions

A

DRAW DOWN the central tendon of the diaphragm
INCREASE the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation

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29
Q

Iliopsoas (Psoas Major & Iliacus) - Innervation

A

PSOAS MAJOR:
Lumbar plexus L1, 2, 3, 4

ILIACUS:
Femoral nerve L(1), 2, 3, 4

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30
Q

Iliopsoas (Psoas Major & Iliacus) - origin

A

PSOAS MAJOR:
Bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

ILIACUS:
Iliac fossa

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31
Q

Iliopsoas (Psoas Major & Iliacus) - insertion

A

BOTH:
Lesser trochanter

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32
Q

Iliopsoas (Psoas Major & Iliacus) - actions

A

WITH ORIGIN FIXED:
FLEX the hip at the coxal joint
May LATERALLY ROTATE the hip at the coxal joint

WITH INSERTION FIXED:
FLEX the trunk toward the thigh
TILT the pelvis anteriorly

PSOAS MAJOR ONLY:
UNILATERALLY:
Assist to LATERALLY FLEX the lumbar spine

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33
Q

Tibialis Anterior - innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve, L4, L5, S1

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34
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) - innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve, L4, L5, S1

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35
Q

Fibularis Longus (aka Peroneus Longus) - innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve, L4, L5, S1

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36
Q

Soleus - innervation

A

Tibial nerve, L5, S1, S2

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37
Q

Gastrocnemius - innervation

A

Tibial nerve, S1, S2

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38
Q

gastrocnemius - actions

A

PLANTAR FLEX the ankle at the talocrural joint

FLEX the knee at the tibiofemoral joint

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39
Q

gastrocnemius - origin

A

condyles of the femur (posterior surface)

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40
Q

gastrocnemius - insertion

A

calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

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41
Q

EDL - actions

A

EXTEND 2nd-5th toes at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
DORSIFLEX the ankle at the talocrural joint
EVERT the foot at the subtalar joint

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42
Q

EDL - origin

A

lateral condyle of the tibia
proximal anterior shaft of the fibula
interosseous membrane

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43
Q

EDL - insertion

A

middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd-5th toes

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44
Q

Fibularis Longus - actions

A

EVERT the foot at the subtalar joint
assist to PLANTAR FLEX the ankle at the talocrural joint

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45
Q

Fibularis longus - origin

A

head of the fibula
proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula

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46
Q

fibularis longus - insertion

A

base of 1st metatarsal
medial cuneiform

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47
Q

tibialis anterior - actions

A

DORSIFLEX the ankle at the talocrural joint
INVERT the foot at the subtalar joint

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48
Q

tibialis anterior - origin

A

lateral condyle of the tibia
proximal lateral surface of the tibia
interosseous membrane

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49
Q

tibialis anterior - insertion

A

medial cuneiform
base of the 1st metatarsal

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50
Q

soleus - actions

A

PLANTAR FLEX the ankle at the talocrural joint

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51
Q

soleus - origin

A

soleal line
proximal posterior surface of the tibia
posterior aspect of the head of the fibula

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52
Q

soleus - insertion

A

calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

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53
Q

Semimembranosus - Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

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54
Q

Semimembranosus - Insertion

A

Posterior aspect of the medial condyle of the tibia

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55
Q

Semimembranosus - Innervation

A

Sciatic Nerve (tibial branch)

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56
Q

Semimembranosus - Actions

A

FLEX the tibiofemoral joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the flexed tibiofemoral joint
EXTEND the coxal joint
Assist to MEDIALLY ROTATE the coxal joint

BILATERALLY:
TILT the pelvis posteriorly

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57
Q

Semitendinosus - Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

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58
Q

Semitendinosus - Insertion

A

Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at the pes anserinus tendon

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59
Q

Semitendinosus - Actions

A

FLEX the tibiofemoral joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the flexed tibiofemoral joint
EXTEND the coxal joint
Assist to MEDIALLY ROTATE the coxal joint

Bilaterally:
TILT the pelvis posteriorly

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60
Q

Semitendinosus - Innervation

A

Sciatic nerve ( tibial branch )

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61
Q

Rectus Femoris - Origin

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

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62
Q

Rectus Femoris - Insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity via the patella and patellar ligament

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63
Q

Rectus Femoris - Actions

A

EXTEND the knee at the tibiofemoral joint
FLEX the hip at the coxal joint

64
Q

Rectus Femoris - Innervation

A

Femoral nerve

65
Q

Biceps Femoris - Innervation

A

Sciatic nerve: Long head (tibial branch), Short head (fibular branch)

66
Q

Biceps Femoris - Origin

A

Long head: Ischial tuberosity
Short head: lateral lip of the linea aspera

67
Q

Biceps Femoris - Insertion

A

Head of the fibula

68
Q

Biceps Femoris - Actions

A

FLEX the knee at the tibiofemoral joint
LATERALLY ROTATE the flexed tibiofemoral joint

Long Head:
EXTEND the hip at the coxal joint
assist to LATERALLY ROTATE the coxal joint

Bilaterally:
TILT the pelvis posteriorly

69
Q

Vastus Group - Actions

A

Extend the knee at the tibiofemoral joint

70
Q

Vastus Group - Insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity via the patella and the patellar ligament

71
Q

Vastus Group - Innervation

A

Femoral nerve

72
Q

Vastus Group (3) - Origin

A

Vastus Medialis:
medial lip of the linea aspera

Vastus Lateralis:
lateral lip of the linea aspera
gluteal tuberosity
greater trochanter

Vastus Intermedius:
Anterior and lateral shaft of femur

73
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL) - Innervation

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve

74
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL) - Origin

A

Iliac crest posterior to the ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)

75
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL) - Insertion

A

Iliotibial tract

76
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL) - Actions

A

FLEX the hip at the coxal joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the hip at the coxal joint
ABDUCT the hip at the coxal joint

77
Q

Gluteus Maximus - Innervation

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

78
Q

Gluteus Maximus - Origin

A

Coccyx
Edge of sacrum
Posterior iliac crest
Sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments

79
Q

Gluteus Maximus - Insertion

A

Upper fibers: iliotibial tract

Lower fibers: gluteal tuberosity

80
Q

Gluteus Maximus - Actions

A

All fibres:
EXTEND the coxal joint
LATERALLY ROTATE the coxal joint
ABDUCT the coxal joint

Lower fibres:
ADDUCT the coxal joint

81
Q

Gluteus Medius - Innervation

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve

82
Q

Gluteus Medius - Origin

A

Gluteal surface of ilium
Between posterior and anterior gluteal lines
just below the iliac crest

83
Q

Gluteus Medius - Insertion

A

Lateral aspect of the greater trochanter

84
Q

Gluteus Medius - Actions

A

All:
ABDUCT the coxal joint

Anterior fibres:
FLEX & MEDIALLY ROTATE the coxal joint

Posterior fibres:
EXTEND & LATERALLY ROTATE the coxal joint

85
Q

Adductor Longus - Innervation

A

Obturator Nerve

86
Q

Adductor Longus - Origin

A

Pubic tubercle

87
Q

Adductor Longus - Insertion

A

Pectineal line & medial lip of linea aspera

88
Q

Adductor Longus - Actions

A

ADDUCT the hip at the coxal joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the hip at the coxal joint
Assist to FLEX the hip at the coxal joint

89
Q

Vastus Lateralis - Origin

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera
Gluteal tuberosity
Greater trochanter

90
Q

Vastus medialis - origin

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

91
Q

Vastus intermedius - origin

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of femur

92
Q

Teres Major - Innervation

A

Lower subscapular nerve

93
Q

Teres major - Origin

A

Inferior angle
Lower 1/3 of lateral border of the scapula

94
Q

Teres major - insertion

A

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

95
Q

Teres major - actions

A

EXTEND the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
ADDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

96
Q

Supraspinatus - Innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve

97
Q

Supraspinatus - origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

98
Q

Supraspinatus - Insertion

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus

99
Q

Supraspinatus - Actions

A

ABDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
STABILIZE the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

100
Q

Infraspinatus - Innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve

101
Q

Infraspinatus - origin

A

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

102
Q

Infraspinatus - insertion

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus

103
Q

Infraspinatus - actions

A

LATERALLY ROTATE the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
ADDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
STABILIZE the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

104
Q

Teres Minor - Innervation

A

Axillary nerve

105
Q

Teres minor - origin

A

Upper 2/3 of lateral border of the scapula

106
Q

Teres minor - insertion

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus

107
Q

Teres minor - actions

A

LATERALLY ROTATE the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
ADDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
STABILIZE the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

108
Q

Subscapularis - Innervation

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

109
Q

Subscapularis - origin

A

Subscapular fossa of the scapula

110
Q

Subscapularis - insertion

A

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

111
Q

Subscapularis - Actions

A

MEDIALLY ROTATE the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
STABILIZE the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

112
Q

Latissimus Doris - Innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

113
Q

Latissimus dorsi- origin

A

Inferior angle of the scapula
Spinous processes of the last 6 thoracic vertebrae
Last 3 or 4 ribs
Thoracolumbar fascia
Posterior iliac crest

114
Q

Latissimus Doris - insertion

A

Intertubercular groove of the humerus

115
Q

Latissimus Doris - actions

A

EXTEND the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
ADDUCT the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

116
Q

Deltoid - Innervation

A

Axillary nerve

117
Q

Deltoid - origin

A

Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
Acromion process
Spine of the scapula

118
Q

Deltoid - insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity

119
Q

Deltoid - actions

A

ALL:
ABDUCT the glenohumeral joint

ANTERIOR FIBRES:
FLEX the glenohumeral joint
MEDIALLY ROTATE the glenohumeral joint
HORIZONTALLY ADDUCT the glenohumeral joint

POSTERIOR FIBRES:
EXTEND the glenohumeral joint
LATERALLY ROTATE the glenohumeral joint
HORIZONTALLY ABDUCT the glenohumeral joint

120
Q

Biceps brachii - Innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

121
Q

Biceps brachii - origin

A

SHORT HEAD:
Coracoid process of the scapula

LONG HEAD:
Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

122
Q

Biceps brachii - actions

A

FLEX the humeroulnar joint (elbow)
SUPINATE the radioulnar joint (forearm)
FLEX the glenohumeral joint (shoulder)

123
Q

Triceps brachii - Innervation

A

Radial nerve

124
Q

Triceps brachii - origin

A

LONG HEAD:
Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

LATERAL HEAD:
Posterior surface of proximal 1/2 of humerus

MEDIAL HEAD:
Posterior surface of distal 1/2 humerus

125
Q

Triceps brachii - insertion

A

Olecranon process of the ulna

126
Q

Triceps brachii - actions

A

ALL:
EXTEND the humeroulnar joint

LONG HEAD:
EXTEND the glenohumeral joint
ADDUCT the glenohumeral joint

127
Q

Brachioradialis - Innervation

A

Radial nerve

128
Q

Brachioradialis - origin

A

Proximal 2/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

129
Q

Brachioradialis - insertion

A

Styloid process of the radius

130
Q

Brachioradialis - actions

A

FLEX the humeroulnar joint
Assist to PRONATE and SUPINATE the humeroradial joints when these movements are resisted

131
Q

Biceps Brachii - Insertion

A

Tuberosity of the radius
Aponeurosis of the biceps brachii

132
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - Innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), C2, 3

133
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - Origin

A

Sternal head: top of the manubrium

Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of the clavicle

134
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - Insertion

A

Mastoid process of the temporal bone

Lateral portion of the superior nuchal line of the occiput

135
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - actions

A

Unilaterally:
LATERALLY FLEX the head and neck to the same side
ROTATE the head and neck to the opposite side

Bilaterally:
FLEX the neck
Assist to ELEVATE the ribcage during inhalation

136
Q

Scalenes - Innervation

A

C(3), 4-8

137
Q

Scalenes - SIN # to help remember origin and insertions

A

136 127 267
Ant Mid Pos

[ 1st rib, C3-C6 ] [ 1st rib, C2-C7 ] [ 2nd rib, C6-C7 ]

138
Q

Scalenes - Origin

A

Anterior:
Transverse processes of C3 to C6

Middle:
Transverse processes of C2 to C7

Posterior:
Transverse processes of C6 to C7

139
Q

Scalenes - Insertion

A

Anterior:1st Rib

Middle:1st Rib

Posterior:2nd Rib

140
Q

Scalenes - Actions

A

Unilaterally:
LATERALLY FLEX the head and neck to the same side (all 3)
ROTATE the head and neck to the opposite side (all 3)

Bilaterally:
FLEX the head and neck (anterior only)
ELEVATE the ribs during inhalation (all 3)

141
Q

Levator Scapulae - Innervation

A

Cervical and dorsal scapular nerves

142
Q

Levator scapulae - origin

A

Transverse processes of C1 to C4

143
Q

Levator scapula - insertion

A

Medial border of the scapula between the superior angle and the superior portion of the spine of the scapula

144
Q

Levator Scapulae - Actions

A

Unilaterally:
ELEVATE the scapulothoracic joint
DOWNWARDLY ROTATE the scapulothoracic joint
LATERALLY FLEX the head and neck to same side
ROTATE the head and neck to same side

Bilaterally:
EXTEND the head and neck

145
Q

Splenius Capitus - Innervation

A

Cervical nerve

146
Q

Splenius Capitus - Origin

A

Inferior 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7 to T4

147
Q

Splenius Capitus - Insertion

A

Mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line

148
Q

Splenius Capitus - Actions

A

Unilaterally:
ROTATE the head and neck to same side
LATERALLY FLEX the head and neck to same side

Bilaterally:
EXTEND the head and neck

149
Q

Trapezius - innervation

A

Spinal portion of cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve) and ventral ramus C2, 3, 4

150
Q

Trapezius - Origin

A

External occipital protuberance
Medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput
Ligamentum nuchae
Spinous processes of C7 through T12

151
Q

Trapezius - insertion

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Acromion process
Spine of scapula

152
Q

Trapezius - Actions (upper fibres: 5, middle fibres: 2, lower fibres: 2)

A

UPPER FIBRES
Bilaterally:
EXTEND the head and neck

Unilaterally:
LATERALLY FLEX the head and neck to same side
ROTATE the head and neck to opposite side
ELEVATE the scapulothoracic joint (scapula)
UPWARDLY ROTATE the scapulothoracic joint

MIDDLE FIBRES
ADDUCT the scapulothoracic joint
STABILIZE the scapulothoracic joint

LOWER FIBRES
DEPRESS the scapulothoracic joint
UPWARDLY ROTATE the scapulothoracic joint

153
Q

Rhomboids - Major and Minor - innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

154
Q

Rhomboids - origin

A

MINOR: spinous processes of C7 - T1

MAJOR: spinous processes of T2 - T5

155
Q

Rhomboids - insertion

A

MINOR: upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from the spine of the scapula

MAJOR: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle

156
Q

Rhomboids - actions

A

ADDUCT the scapulothoracic joint
ELEVATE the scapulothoracic joint
DOWNWARDLY ROTATE the scapulothoracic joint

ACMT (20 decks)

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