Module 5 Extras

Question 1

What amino acids can form pyruvate

Answer 1

Serine
Alanine
Cysteine
Threonine
Glycine
Tryptophan

Question 1

Pathway for serine to pyruvate

Answer 1

(Serine hydratase) -> amino acylate + water -> (Serine hydratase) + water -> pyruvate + NH4

Question 2

Pathway for alanine to pyruvate

Answer 2

+ ketoglutarate -> (alanine aminotransferase) -> glutarate + pyruvate

Question 3

Pathway for cysteine to pyruvate

Answer 3

(cysteine dioxygenase) -> sulfinoalanine -> (sulfinoalananine transferase) -> sufinopyruvate -> (spontaneous) -> pyruvate

Question 4

Pathway for threonine to pyruvate

Answer 4

(threonine dehydratase) -> 2-amino-3-ketobutarate -> alanine -> (alanine aminotransferase) -> pyruvate

Question 5

Pathway for tryptophan to pyruvate

Answer 5

4 step kynurenine pathway -> alanine -> (alanine aminotransferase) -> pyruvate

Question 6

Pathway for glycine to pyruvate

Answer 6

+ 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate -> (serine hydroxymethyltransferase) -> serine -> (serine hydratase) -> pyruvate

Question 7

The 4 step kynurenine pathway

Answer 7

Tryptophan + (tryptophan pyrrolase) -> N-formyl kynurenine + (kynurenine formylase) -> kynurenine + (kynurenine hydroxylase) -> 3-OH kynurenine + (kynureninase - ALANINE) -> 3-OH anthranilic acid -> acetyl CoA + quinolinate -> niacin

Question 8

What 2 amino acids utilize pyridoxal phosphate during conversion to pyruvate

Answer 8

Alanine
Cysteine