Module 5: Anaerobic respiration

Question 1

When does anaerobic respiration occur in eukaryotic cells?
2 points

Why is this less efficient process used to produce ATP?

Answer 1

-when there is an absence of oxygen
-when oxygen can’t be supplied fast enough to respiring cells

-its used as a temporary emergency measure to keep vital processes functioning

Question 2

Define the process of fermentation

Answer 2

the process by which complex organic compounds are broken down into simpler inorganic compounds without the involvement of oxygen or an electron transport chain

Question 3

State the reason why anaerobic respiration produces much less ATP that aerobic respiration

Name the only process that ATP is synthesised in during anaerobic respiration

Answer 3

because the organic compounds such as glucose are not fully broken down

substrate level phosphorylation

Question 4

Give 2 examples of where alcoholic fermentation occurs

What are the 2 end products of alcoholic fermentation?

Answer 4

in yeast and some plant root cells

ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 5

Animal cells carry out what type of fermentation when they respire anaerobically?

What is the end product of this?

Answer 5

lactate fermentation

produces lactate

Question 6

What happens when there is no oxygen to act as the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain in oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 6

the flow of electrons stops , meaning the synthesis of ATP by chemiosmosis also stops

Question 7

Describe another effect of the stop of electron flow along the electron transport chain

make 3 points

Answer 7

reduced NAD and reduced FAD are no longer able to be oxidised

this means NAD and FAD can’t be regenerated

this means decarboxylation and oxidation of pyruvate , as well as the Krebs cycle come to a halt as there are no coenzymes to accept the hydrogens being removed