Module 4: Transmission of communicable diseases

Question 1

For transmission between animals , what are the different types of transmission?

Answer 1

direct or indirect transmission

Question 2

Name the 3 DIRECT ways that diseases are transmitted in animals and explain what they involve

( D , I , I )

Answer 2

Direct contact : involves any contact with another persons bodily fluids , skin to skin contact or through having microorganisms from faeces on hands

Inoculation : through a break in the skin , from an animal bite or through a puncture wound/sharing needles

Ingestion : takig in contaminated food/drink or transferring pathogens from the hands to the mouth

Question 3

Name the 3 INDIRECT ways diseases can be transmitted in animals and explain what they involve

(F , I , V )

Answer 3

Fomites : inanimate objects that transfer pathogens(eg socks , cosmetics , bedding etc)

Inhalation : minute droplets of saliva/mucus are expelled by mouth and inhaled by others

Vectors : transmit pathogens from one host to another

Question 4

Name the 7 factors that affect the transmission of communicable diseases in animals

Answer 4

-overcrowded working/living conditions
-poor nutrition
-compromised immune system
-poor waste disposal
-climate change
-culture and infrastructure
-socioeconomic factors

Question 5

How does poor waste disposal affect transmission of diseases in animals?

How does climate change affect transmission ?

Give an example of a socioeconomic factor

Answer 5

it provides breeding sites for vectors

it can introduce new vectors or diseases

a lack of trained healthcare professionals