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Art > Module 5 > Flashcards

Module 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Rubenistes

A

Philospophy that says color is most important,
Watteau

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2
Q
A

artist- Jean-Baptiste Greuze
title- The Father’s Curse
date- 1777
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Enlightenment/ NeoClassicism

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3
Q

Poussineistes

A

Philospophy that says line most important
clear outline and modeling, sense of finish

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4
Q

Who embodied Absolutism

A

King Louis XIV

I am State

Palace of Versailles- centralization of power

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5
Q
A

artist- Giambattista Tiepolo
title- The Apotheosis of the Pisani Family
date- 1761-1762
medium- Ceiling Fresco
period style- Venetian

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6
Q

Return from Cythera

A

Watteau;s most famous picture- two version

1st- reception piece for his art school
- how to get approval and make living as artist

fete galante- gallant feast- category he made for himself- ambiguous

So succesful, king of Prussia had him make a second copy

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7
Q
A

artist-Jules Hardouin Mansart; Charles Le Brun
title- Palace at Versailles
date- 1669
period style- Absolutism

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8
Q
A

artist- Francois Boucher
title- Odalisque
date- 1745
medium- Oil on canvas
period style- Rococo

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9
Q

Enlightenment

A

Key 18th century idea- prepared Modern Age
Age of Reason
Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, D’Alembert, D’Holbach
opposed discrimination, slavery, abuse of power by Church and State, did public opinion
Concept of EQUALITY- all humans- end class distinction, birth right, priveleges

“Science”- knowledge finite- Encylopedia

belief in reason, law, human choise, human universe

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10
Q
A

artist- Antoine Watteau
title- Gilles (Pierrot)
date- 1721
medium- Oil on canvas
period style- Rococo

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11
Q

Fragonard

A

Last Great Rococo Painter
wanted to be history painter by French Academy= Great Priest Coresus- no money
Great Priest Coresus- shows its impossible to adopt classical themes to Rococo Art

“the SWING”- de Saint-Julien- privatized tax cillection- recieves the girl- legs- unkempt garden

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12
Q

French REvolution phase

A

Moderate Phase
Radical Phase
2nd moderate phase

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13
Q

Hogarth

A

Satirical humor filled with serious and moralizing afterthought
french fashion fads and false pretense of aristocracy
did prints and engravings- money from print
combination of waste and moral dispation

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14
Q
A

artist- William Hogarth
title- The Contract- Mariage a La Mode
date- 1745
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- English Enlightenment

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15
Q

Versailles Garden Designs

A

AndreLe Notre
symmetric pattern of trees and shrubs, trimmed
represent classical model for frnech- nature is deliberately manipulated- English- unkempt and Nature
sculptures referencing water

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16
Q

Radical Phase

A

Terror regime under leader Robespierre from Janaury 1793 to July 1794
from the beheadig of Louis XVI to beheading of Robespierre

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17
Q

Girodet-Trioson

A

Endymion
had to do a male nude- for anatomy- did a polihs
flawaless- unconcious and soft body admits vulnerability
Belley- slave than planatation owner of Haiti- spoke to have slavery disbanded and all slaves included with citenzenship

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18
Q

Ideas about childhood, child reariing, and education based on what

A

The Enlightenment

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19
Q

Veneice art 18th century

A

influenced by Absolutism
Venice- center of tourism, political decline
Art and architecture- new golden age
demand for decorative, luxurious- airy- ceiling paintings by patricians

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20
Q
A

artist- William Hogarth
title- Breakfast Scene- Mariage a La Mode
date- 1745
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- English Enlightenment

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21
Q
A

artist- Jean-Honore Fragonard
title- The Swing
date- 1766
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Rpcoco

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22
Q

Canaletto

A

venetial painter- Vedute- panoramic city views of Venice
tied to rise in tourism- people doing the Grand Tour, take these back as souvenirs

one survives in Venetian Museums- Basin of San MArco
Ritalgo Brdige- shops b/c foot traffic, one of few examples, scenery not changed

business bad 1740s- went to London

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23
Q

Absolutism

A

divine right of monarcy
not accountable to anyone but God
created political and social conditions that made Revolution of 1789 possible

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24
Q
A

artist- Anne Louis GIrodet Trioson
title- Jean Baptiste Belley
date- 1797
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- NeoClassicism

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25
Q

Hycaninthe Rigaud

A

icon of Absolutism
Louis XIV painting-
aloofness- distance

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26
Q

Drouasis

A

David’s favorite student
Marius at Minturnae- claccial Davidian subject
Anceint Rome- Plutarch- Marius- expelled from Rome, survive assassination, install terror regime in Rome

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27
Q

2nd Moderate Phase

A

after JUly 1794
under the direcotry government
until 1799 when Bonaparte in power

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28
Q
A

artist- Jean-Germain Drouais
title- Marius at Minturnae
date- 1786
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- NeoClassicism

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29
Q

French Revolution dark side

A

in first instance caused massive bloodshed and destruction
thousands of innocent poeple killed
- aristocrats, royalisy sympathies, moderate revolutionaries, traitors, blasck market vendors, hoarders
coutnry besieged by enemies wanting the old order back

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30
Q

Reynolds

A

Britain backwater for homewgrown artsits until 1750’s
British Academy of Paitning created- Reynolds the President

portrait painter- Lord Heathfield

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31
Q

Chardin

A

Anti-Rococo art- serious subject and create morally uplifting art
genre paintings, portraits, still lifes
Rayfish- reception piece- imitate Flemish art
famous for still life paintings of children at play- Middle Class
genre painter
children- well behaved, introspective, responsible, withdrawn

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32
Q

1st Moderate Phase

A

1789- January 1793
srtorming of Bastille to execution of Louis XVI
Aufust 1792- monarchy abolished, Republic Declared

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33
Q

Hall of Mirrors- Versailles

A

most important component
Le Brun
Create St, Gobain who is still aroud today
practical function- where courtiers and petitioners address king durinf his wlak

34
Q

David- Self Doubts after the Terror

A

Jacobins plot against Robespierre- ongoing purges
David professed allegiance to Robespierre day before the arrest of him- when Robespieere was killed, Daivd thrown in jail
David wants to be seen as artist, not politician again
comeback after Napoleon

35
Q

The French Revolution

A

1789-1799
greatest historical turning points in West
turning point for art
all human born with equal rights- no class
NeoClassicism
disarray of public finances- Louis XVI- big support for American Civil War
Estate General called in

36
Q
A

artist- Jean-Baptiste Greuze
title- The Punished Son
date- 1777
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Enlightenment/NeoClassicism

37
Q

Boucher

A

Rococo- painter to Madame Pompadour- who he taugh drawing- mistress to king XV
Cupid a Captive- rose colored erotica poaintings

Odalisque- female nude central subject
Enlightenment and French Academy understood that subjects make art, keep artist in business, but did not approve of content

Diderot- art critic- HATE Boucher- cater to lower interest

  • Empowerment of middle Class * (Breakfast)
38
Q

Estates General

A

Archaic even then- Middle Ages
First Estate- clery- .5 pop- 1/3 vote
Second Estate- nobility- 1 pop, 1/3
Third Estate- everyone else- 1/3

39
Q

Greuze

A

based on Dutch Genre Art
The Village Bride- 700 pounds- unheard of at time
Moralizing intent fused with sentimental and tearful stories, situated in middle class

Speciality- bourgeois family dramas- divided in male and female halves (female- emotional, males- businesslike
Protestaant- civil marriage

strangers to be pose- based on expressiveneess of featuers- character heads

Prodigal Son

40
Q

Jacques Louis David

A

his rome paintings are icons of new classical style
promote moral uplift by historical paintings, pompeii excavation,

41
Q
A

artist- Jean-Baptiste Greuze
title- The Village Bride
date- 1761
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Enlightenment/ NeoClassicism

42
Q

Wright of Derby

A

paintings of Scientific experiments and natural wonders- enhanced with dramatic light effects like Caravaggio
theme of emotional intensity, human drama, intellectual curiosity, scientific pursiot of knowledge was a quest shared by all people, all ages, genders
empiricisms

43
Q

Rococo

A

With the Enlightenment- (Little Shell)
shell shaped decoration everywhere
theater, fashion, painting, design
by Revolution, rejected as Aristrocratic

44
Q

Watteau

A

Rococo Paitner- Fete Galante-
many itlian comedy reference- theater
Italian comedy- improv
Saint Germain Fair

typically english garden with lush and moist vegetation in background- grow freely- opposite of French Garden

disfavor in Revolution-
Rubienistes

45
Q

Venetian Ceiling paitnings

A

Tiepolo and sons cornered market
Frescoes- celebrated virtues, wins of families
Spread to German speaking countries

Planace for Phillip von Frieffenklau- Sun King inspired- Apollo- 4 continents

46
Q
A

artist- Ju.es Hardouin mansart;Charles Le Brun
title-Hall of Mirrors
date- 1680
period style- absolutism

47
Q

Values of Revolition

A

freedom of opinion- no censorship
declared human rights- life, relgioin, property
proetection from arbitrary arrest
equality before the law
merit and skill decine one’s station- not privilege
abolition of monarchy- republican political order
separation of religion and state

48
Q

Fairground Culture in 18th century

A

St, Germain Fairgound
recurring attraction- wooden booths with sideshows, dancers, trianed animals- circus- and illegal gambling and prostitution
home to hostel of flemings
theater performances inspired art

inspired ANtoine Watteau with Italian Comedy

49
Q

Rococo Interior Design

A

growth in luxury consumption in Paris
octagonal room- decorated programs customized specifically for one building
contrasts of white and gold
mirrors galore
extensive ornamentation and rocaille shell deisgn

50
Q

Start of Regency Period

A

Death of Louis XIV
All kids dead or too young- Duke of Orleans, or the regent, was in charge
interested in new ideas, technolgies, and enjoyment of life

51
Q

Third Estate

A

declared itself the National Assembly
venue in tennis court- oath that is initial trigger for Revolution
oathed to not disband unitl new constituion drafted and France is free
on streets of Paris- mob gathered and stormed the Bastille and killed the gaurds

52
Q
A

artist- Jean-Baptsite Simeon Chardin
title- Boy Blowing Bubbles
date- 1735
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Enlightenment/ Neoclassicism

53
Q

Duke of Orleans (regency) ideals

A

enjoyment of life
pleasure seeking
turning point for new ideas and mentalities

notion for individualism, pursuit of happiness invented

54
Q

Gainsborough

A

portrait painter from England
double portrait- hunting- privelege for aristocracy
false impression that Andrews was a long established landowning couple (old-money)
themes of ownership

55
Q

Johann Heinrich Wincklemann

A

fathers of art historu
German Librarian who lived in Rome- wrote book about classical aret and architecture

idea that art developed in cycles from archaicism, perfection, decline

themes derived from classical can criticize contemporary political conditions

56
Q
A

artist- Francois Boucher
title- The Breakfast
date- 1739
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Rococo

57
Q

Louis (absolutism) ideals

A

self discipline
self sacrifice
denial of interest for good of state (king)
seen as classical age

58
Q
A

artist- Giambattista Tiepolo and sons
title- Grand Staircasr with Apollo and the Four Continents
date- 1750-1752
medium- Ceiling Fresco
period style- Venetian

59
Q
A

artist- Jacques Louis David
title- Self-Portrait
date- 1794
medium- Oil on canvas
period style- NeoClassicism

60
Q
A

artist- Sir Joshua Reynolds
title- Lord Heathfield
date- 1787
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- England Enlightenment

61
Q
A

artist- Antoine Watteau
title- L’Indifferent
date- 1716
medium- oil on canvas
period style- Rococo- Fete Galante

62
Q
A

artist- Antonio Canaletto
title- Piazza San Marco with the Basilica
date- 1730
medium- oil on cavas
period style- Venetian

63
Q
A

artist- Hyacinthe Rigaud
title- Louis XIV
date- 1701
medium- oil on canvas
period style- Absolutism

64
Q
A

artist- Jean-Baptiste- Simeon Chardin
title- The Rayfish
date- 1727
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Enlightenment/Neoclassicism

65
Q

Regency Period

A

Nobles in Paris- town houses
pleasure, sensuality, indulgence, fashionable
fine arts more important
Stock market speculation- John Law- Louisiana Territory

66
Q

David- Beginnig of French Revolution

A

became chronicler of contemporary political events
politics is fast but painting is slow
started his martyr series

67
Q
A

artist- Anne Louis Girodet Trioson
title- The Sleep of Endymion
date- 1791
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- NeoClassicism

68
Q

Palace of Versailles

A

Louis XIV
nobles attracted
servant to king
Hardouin Mansart and Le Brun
mix of classical systlitic with French models
garden fasacede
100,000 poeple

69
Q

NeoClassicism

A

art style of Enlightenment
Jacques-Louis David and his students

70
Q
A

artist- Jacques-Louis David
title- The Oath of the Horatii
date- 1784
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- English Enlightenment

71
Q
A

artist- Jacques-Louis David
title- The Death of Marat
date- 1793
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- NeoClassicism

72
Q
A

artist- German Boffrand
title- Salon de la Princesse, Hotel de Soubise
date- 1737-1740
period style- Regent

73
Q

Roots of NeoClassicism

A

Jacques Louis David- politician and artist- close to Robespierre inner circle- Jacobin CLub
voted for death of king- French Revolutionary Parliament
one of regicides- king killers- narrow margin

celebrated virtues of self sacrifice, idealism, republican virutes- highly moralizing

74
Q
A

artist- Joseph Wright of Derby
title- A philosopher is GIving a Lecture at the Orrery
date- 1763-1764
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- English Enlightement

75
Q
A

artist- Thomas Gainsborough
title- Mr. and Mrs. Andrews
date- 1750
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- English Enlightenment

76
Q
A

artist- Antoine Watteau
title- Return from Cythera
date- 1717
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Rococo

77
Q

What was Louisiana named after

A

Louis XIV

78
Q
A

artist- Jacques-Louis David
title- The Oath of the Tennis Court
date- 1791
medium- Graphite, Pen, Sepia Wash Heightened with White on Paper
period style- NeoClassicism

79
Q

The Death of Marat

A

new that its depicting a contemporary event
propogranda- heroicize new martyr
shift from christian martyr to political martyr
Marat- publisher
piete- pose
Marat dictator for everyone but his followers but painting makes him charitable and compassionate

80
Q
A

artist- Jacques-Louis David
title- The Lictors returning to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons
date- 1789
medium- Oil on Canvas
period style- Neoclassicism

81
Q

David

A

NeoClassical- Oath of Horatii
large canvas- 5 years before Revolution
example as revival of husitory painting- new Nicolas Poussin
modeled after 17th century play - Horatii
conflict of interest and moral dilemna
what has priority- state or family- for him, law comes first
male vs female space- women golden light- purity

Art (11 decks)

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