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GED0011 > Module 4.1: "Science and Technology and The Human Conditions" > Flashcards

Module 4.1: "Science and Technology and The Human Conditions" Flashcards

1
Q

_________ is the highest good of human endeavors and that toward which all actions aim.

A

Flourishing

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2
Q

According to Ceslas Spicq, the focus of ancient philosophers was defining the _______.

A

well-lived life

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3
Q

They called this life Eudaimonia, which we can translate as “________” or happiness.

A

flourishing – happiness

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4
Q

______ explains the Stoic’s core teachings.

A

The Stoic Happiness Triangle

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5
Q

The Stoic Happiness Triangle is part of the book ”_________.”

A

The Little Book of Stoicism

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6
Q

The only way to achieve true flourishing was to live a life separate from the _______.

A

influence of fickle emotions

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7
Q

Stoic Happiness Triangle
(3)

A

Live with Areté:

Focus on What You Control:

Take Responsibility:

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8
Q

Stoic Happiness Triangle

This is about being your best version in the here and now.

A

Live with Areté:

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9
Q

Stoic Happiness Triangle

The Stoics realized that there are things we control, and things we don’t control.

A

Focus on What You Control:

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10
Q

Stoic Happiness Triangle

Even if we don’t control everything that happens, we must take
responsibility for our own lives. Because every event offers an area we control, namely how we judge the event and how we choose to respond.

A

Take Responsibility:

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11
Q

_____ vision of ethics was that they should not be about the individual’s flourishing and happiness, but about principles of duty, ultimately the duties that are universal to all people.

A

Kant’s

Immanuel Kant

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12
Q

According to ______

The highest good for human beings is attaining both virtue and happiness at the same time.

A

Immanuel Kant

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13
Q

According to ______

“We should all cultivate good will with the rest of the world, and that is not a measure of happiness but real well-being.”

A

Immanuel Kant

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14
Q

His ethics can be viewed as a form of egoistic hedonism (or hedonistic egoism).

A

Epicurus

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15
Q

According to ______

“We all desire happiness as an end in itself, and all other things are desired as a means for producing happiness.”

A

Epicurus

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16
Q

Epicurus

Virtues are rational behaviors that lead to ________.

A

Eudaimonia

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17
Q

According to ______

Actions should be measured in terms of happiness or pleasure that they produce.

A

Utilitarians

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18
Q

According to ______

Happiness = pleasure and the absence of pain

A

Utilitarians

19
Q

According to ______

We should pursue pleasure and happiness not just for ourselves, but for as many sentient beings as possible.

A

Utilitarians

20
Q

who believed that happiness not pleasure should be the standard of utility.

A

John Stuart Mill

21
Q

For __________, pleasure and pain govern not only how human beings act but also how human beings ought to act.

“I ought do that act which will bring about the greatest happiness (pleasure) for the greatest number of persons (the community).”

A

Jeremy Bentham

22
Q

Coined the word Eudaimonia.

A

Aristotle

23
Q

He was an empiricist.

A

Aristotle

24
Q

You should become virtuous because if you are, then you can attain the pinnacle of humanity (Eudaimonia).

A

Aristotle

25
Q

According to ______

“All humans seek to flourish. It’s the proper and desired end of all of our actions.”

A

Aristotle

26
Q

Aristotle

There are ____ aspects of human nature, and he is often quoted saying “Man is a rational creature who lives in poleis (societies).”

A

four

27
Q

The four aspects of human nature according to Aristotle are (4):

A

physical being
emotional being
social being
rational being

28
Q

An actuated mechanism programmable in two or more axes with a degree of autonomy, moving within its environment, to perform intended tasks

A

Robot

29
Q

_________ is the ability to perform intended tasks based on current state and sensing without human intervention

A

Autonomy

30
Q

A _____ may be classified according to its intended application as industrial robot or service robot

A

robot

31
Q

________ is the branch of philosophy which studies human conduct, moral assessments, the concepts of good and evil, right and wrong, justice and injustice

A

Ethics

32
Q

________ –also called machine ethics

– deals with the code of conduct that robotic designer engineers must implement in the Artificial Intelligence of a robot

A

Roboethics

33
Q

American inventor known for developing UNIMATE, the first material handling robot employed in industrial production work

A

George Devol

34
Q

Role played by robotics (4)

A

Ease the workload
and mankind

Make life more
efficient and less
stressful

Perform
complicated
activities

Pleasure,
entertainment in
parks or exhibits

35
Q

In the ______s, American writer Isaac Asimov developed the Three Laws of Robotics arguing that intelligent robots should be programmed in a way that when facing conflict they should remit and obey the following three laws

A

1940s

36
Q

3 Laws of Robotics

A

A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm

A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law

A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law

37
Q

Ethical dilemmas

Answers the question “Who should be held accountable if someone’s safety is compromised by a robot?”

A

Safety

38
Q

Answers the question:

“Who should be blamed, the robot, agent using the robot, or the maker/inventor of the robot?”

A

Safety

39
Q

Answers the question:

“What if robots become sentients?”

A

Emotional Component

40
Q

Answers the question:

“Should they be granted
robot rights?”

A

Emotional Component

41
Q

_________ is an AI and robotics company dedicated to creating socially intelligent machines that enrich the quality of our lives

A

Hanson Robotics

42
Q

Founded by David Hanson Sophia is a social humanoid robot developed by _______ -based company Hanson Robotics.

A

Hong Kong

43
Q

https://youtu.be/Br1sGrA7XTU

https://youtu.be/3bQsZxDQgzU

A

watch

GED0011 (8 decks)

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