Module 4 Quiz Questions Flashcards
What is the function of the transitional epithelium?
To allow for the stretching if the epithelium without tearing.
What 2 components make up an epithelial membrane?
An epithelial layer and an underlying layer of connective tissue.
What is the unique feature of a cartilage as a type of connective tissue?
Cartilage generally lacks blood vessels and nerves.
What is the major difference between the exocrine and endocrine glands?
Exocrine glands empty through ducts into an epithelial surface outside of the body or lumen of a hollow organ (sweat, oils). Endocrine glands empty hormones into the bloodstream.
List the 4 major types of tissues and give the herbal function of each.
Epithelial (protection), connective (support), muscular (movement), nervous (transmit impulses).
List 3 general functions of connective tissue.
Protection, support, binds organs together.
The ground substance of connective tissue contains complex molecules, including ___ and within this material are 3 types of fibres called __ ___ ___. The most common cell type in areolar CT is the ___. A second cell type that functions in bacterial phagocytosis is called the ___. Other cells include ___, ___ and ___.
Intercellular material (hyaluronic acid). Collagen, elastic and reticular. Fibroblast. Macrophage. Mast cells, plasma cells and adipocytes.
List the 3 functions of bone.
Support, protection, and movement.
Complete the following table by naming a specific location where it can be found and it’s one specific function: adipose, dense regular CT, elastic CT, hyaline cartilage.
Adipose: the subcutaneous layer below the skin, support and protection. Dense reg c: tendons and ligaments, attachment. Elastic CT: arterial walls, lungs, allows stretching. Hyaline cartilage: nose, larynx, ends of long bones, allows flexibility and support, reduces friction, absorbs shock on joints.
Describe the structure of the basement membrane.
Is made up of a cellular layer of collagen and glycoproteins called the basal lamina; often it is underlain with a layer of reticular fibres and glycoproteins called the reticular lamina.
List the 3 types of muscle tissues and state whether they are under voluntary or involuntary control.
Skeletal (voluntary), cardiac (involuntary), smooth (involuntary).
Nerve tissue is made up of 2 principal cell types:
Neurons, neuroglia
Where in the body would you find covering and lining epithelia?
Covering the external body surface, lining body cavities, covering some of the internal organs.
What is the function of the glandular epithelium?
Produces secretory products of the glands such as oils, sweat and hormones.
For what function is simple squamous epithelium specialized?
Filtration or diffusion, cover or lining, secretion.
Blood is a liquid CT; the fluid portion is called the ___; and the formed element portion is made up of 3 cell types: ___, ___ and ___.
Plasma.
Erythrocytes, leucocytes, and thrombocytes.
Name the 2 subtypes of epithelial.
Covering and lining.
Glandular.
What is the principal difference between mucous and serous membranes?
Mucous membranes line cavities that open directly to the exterior, whereas serous membranes line cavities that do not open to the exterior of the body.
The surface of an epithelial cell closest to the basement membrane is the ____.
Basal surface.
Define tissue.
Is a group of similar cells and intercellular materials that perform a specific function.
Monocytes, neutrophils, platelets, and erythrocytes are included in the solids of what?
Blood
Tendons and ligaments are composed primarily of?
Dense regular fibrous connective tissue
Which type of muscle is voluntary: cardiac, nonstriated, skeletal, smooth, or visceral?
Skeletal
The serous membrane lining the thoracic cavity is called the ___; whereas the membrane lining the cavity containing the heart is called the ___.
Pleura, pericardium.
