Module 1 Quiz Questions

Question 1

What is meant by the anatomic position?

Answer 1

In the anatomical position, the subject faces the observer, standing erect with arms at the sides and palms facing forward.

Question 2

Name the 4 abdominopelvic regions.

Answer 2

Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left lower quadrant

Question 3

List the principal systems or the human body.

Answer 3

Integumentary, lymphatic, skeletal, respiratory, muscular, digestive, nervous, endocrine, urinary, reproductive and cardiovascular.

Question 4

Define positive feedback and negative feedback by illustrating their main differences.

Answer 4

Positive feedback is a situation in which the response to a particular stimulus increases the stimulus, which, in turn, increases the response.

Question 5

Define homeostasis.

Answer 5

Homeostasis refers to the normal physiological condition of the body and the tendancy of the human body to maintain that condition, despite changes inside and outside of the body.

Question 6

In the anatomical position the:
Epigastric region is ___ to the umbilical region.
Wrist is ___ to the elbow.
Thumb is ___ to the palm.

Answer 6

Superior
Distal
Lateral

Question 7

Define the terms anatomy and physiology.

Answer 7

Anatomy is the study of structure and the relationships among structures. Physiology is the study of the function of body parts.

Question 8

Describe the following body cavities: cranial, thoracic and pericardial.

Answer 8

Cranial cavity is formed by the cranial bones of the skull. Thoracic cavity is the portion of the ventral body cavity above the diaphragm. Pericardial cavity is the tiny space between the parietal and visceral pericardium.

Question 9

Name the indicated abdominopelvic regions.

Answer 9

Right hypochondriac, lumbar and inguinal (ilac). Epigastric, umbilical and hypogastric. Left hypochondriac, lumbar and inguinal (ilac).

Question 10

Define a frontal and a midsagittal plane.

Answer 10

The frontal plane divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior positions. The midsagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body or an organ into equal right and left halves.

Question 11

List in order, from lowest to highest, the levels of structural organization within the human body.

Answer 11

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismic.

Question 12

Define the following directional terms: inferior, medial and proximal.

Answer 12

Inferior: away from the head, towards the lower end of a structure. Medial: nearer to the midline of the body or structure. Proximal: nearer to the point of attachment or origin of a structure; closer to the main axis of the body.

Question 13

Define symptom.

Answer 13

A symptom is a subjective change in function that cannot be determined by an observer.

Question 14

Define sign.

Answer 14

A sign is a change that can be observed or measured.

Question 15

List the 6 criteria that distinguish living from non-living forms:

Answer 15

Metabolism: all chemical reactions of the body. Responsiveness: detection of and response to stimuli. Movement: motion of cells, the body. Growth: increase in size and complexity. Differentiation: specialization of cells. Reproduction: new cells or new individual.

Question 16

Describe the functions of the following systems: integumentary, endocrine, respiratory, urinary.

Answer 16

Integumentary: protects the body, synthesizes vitamin D, recieved external stimuli such as temperature pain and pressure. Endocrine produces hormones and releases them into the blood to regulate metabolic activities. Respiratory supplies oxygen to body, removes carbon dioxide from the blood, helps regulate pH levels. Urinary regulates chemical composition of body fluids and eliminates wastes from the body.

Question 17

The description of any region of the body such as directions and planes assumes that the body is in the ___ position.

Answer 17

Anatomical

Question 18

Which directional terms describe the relationship of your navel to your right shoulder?

Answer 18

Inferior and medial

Question 19

The homeostatic responses of the body are regulated by which 2 systems?

Answer 19

Endocrine and nervous

Question 20

What is the correct order from the most complex to the simplest level?

Answer 20

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism

Question 21

The human skin belongs to what major body system?

Answer 21

Integumentary

Question 22

If a response enhances an original stimulus, the system is classified as a ___ feedback system.

Answer 22

Positive

Question 23

Which of the following are considered to be dorsal (posterior) body cavities?

Answer 23

Cranial and vertebral cavities

Question 24

A feedback system consists of three basic components: what are they?

Answer 24

A receptor, a control centre and an effector.

Question 25

Which plane is vertical and divides the body into right and left sections?

Answer 25

Sagittal

Question 26

Which directional term means nearer to or at the front of the body?

Answer 26

Anterior

Question 27

Which directional term means farther from the midline?

Answer 27

Lateral

Question 28

___ is the change that a cell undergoes from and unspecialized to a specialized state.

Answer 28

Differentiation