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MICROBIOLOGY > MODULE 4 MULTI-CHOICE > Flashcards

MODULE 4 MULTI-CHOICE Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Agents that kill bacteria are said to be

(a) Inhibitory
(b) Antiseptic
(c) Bacteriocidal
(d) Bacteriostatic
(e) Any of the above.

A

BACTERIOCIDAL

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2
Q
  1. The complete elimination of all microorganisms, including viruses, is called:

(a) Sanitisation
(b) Disinfection
(c) Sterilization
(d) Decontamination
(e) Any of the above, depending on the circumstances.

A

STERILIZATION

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3
Q
  1. Which of the following affects the elimination of bacteria from an object?

(a) Number of bacteria present
(b) Temperature
(c) pH
(d) Presence of organic matter
(e) All of the above

A

ALL OF THE ABOVE

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4
Q
  1. Generally, which is the most effective form of sterilisation:

(a) Boiling
(b) Radiation
(c) Autoclaving
(d) Chlorination
(e) Pasteurisation

A

AUTOCLAVING

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5
Q
  1. The major difference between sterilisation and disinfection is that:

(a) Sterilisation is a heat treatment while disinfection is a chemical treatment
(b) Sterilisation is bacteriocidal while disinfection is bacteriostatic
(c) Sterilisation can be used for any object while disinfection is only applied to
surfaces
(d) Sterilisation is time dependent while disinfection is concentration dependent
(e) Sterilisation kills or removes all microorganisms while disingection is aimed at killing or removing pathogenic microorganisms

A

STERILISATION KILLS OR REMOVES ALL MICROORGANISMS WHILE DISINFECTION IS AIMED AT KILLING OR REMOVING PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS

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6
Q
  1. The minimum time required to kill all microbes at a constant temperature is called:

(a) Decimal reduction time
(b) THERMAL DEATH TIME
(c) Thermal Death Point
(d) D value
(e) Exposure time

A

THERMAL DEATH TIME

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7
Q
  1. Cold sterilization is performed using:

(a) exceptionally low temperatures
(b) dry ice
(c) chemical compounds such as alkylating agents
(d) high-pressure chambers
(e) any of the above

A

CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS SUCH AS ALKYLATING AGENTS

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8
Q
  1. Which of the following would not be considered as a form of microbial control:

(a) Addition of sodium hypochlorite to drinking water
(b) Refrigeration of milk
(c) Addition of fertiliser to soil
(d) Vacuum packaging of food products
(e) Washing dishes and cleaning surfaces after eating

A

ADDITION OF FERTILISER TO SOIL

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9
Q
  1. If you were preparing nutrient agar at home and didn’t have an autoclave, what
    could you use to sterilize the nutrient agar?

(a) Bleach
(b) Boiling for 1 hour
(c) Oven at 121°C for 15 minutes
(d) Oven at 121°C for 2 hours
(e) Pressure cooker at 121°C for 15 minutes

A

PRESSURE COOKER AT 121°C for 15 minutes

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10
Q

10.Which of the following is mismatched:

(a) Pasteurisation - heating liquids to kill pathogens and spoilage microorganisms
(b) Antibiotic - chemotherapeutic agent produced by microorganisms
(c) Antiseptic - chemicals applied to living tissue to prevent infection
(d) Bacteriostatic - treatment to kill bacteria
(e) Preservative - chemical added to industrial products to prevent the growth of
microorganisms

A

BACTERIOSTATIC - TREATMENT TO KILL BACTERIA

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11
Q

11.Which of the following is best to sterilise heat-labile solutions:

(a) Membrane filtration
(b) Uht
(c) Hot air oven
(d) Autoclave
(e) None of the above

A

MEMBRANE FILTRATION

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12
Q

12.Which of the following statements is true:

(a) Disinfectants can differ in their activity against microbes
(b) Disinfectants are equally effective at all concentrations
(c) Disinfectants are applied only to inanimate surfaces
(d) Disinfection can be achieved by chemical and heat treatment
(e) All of the above are true

A

DISINFECTANTS CAN DIFFER IN THEIR ACTIVITY AGAINST MICROBES

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13
Q

13.In the control of microorganisms, ethylene oxide can be used as a:

(a) Disinfectant
(b) Sterilant
(c) Antiseptic
(d) a and b
(e) a and c

A

A AND B

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14
Q

14.The thermal death point is the

(a) dose of radiation necessary for a tenfold reduction in the numbers of selected
microorganisms or biological functions
(b) exact measure of the radiation energy output from a source
(c) lowest temperature required to kill all organisms in 10 minutes
(d) time required for a tenfold reduction in the population density at a given temperature.

A

LOWEST TEMPERATURE REQUIRED TO KILL ALL ORGANISMS IN 10 MINUTES

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15
Q

15.Which of the following is an example of pasteurization?

(a) A public toilet is treated with disinfectants
(b) A surgeon washes her hands before surgery
(c) Heat is used to kill potential pathogens in apple juice
(d) An autoclave is used to prepare nutrient agar
(e) A nurse prepares an injection site with an alcohol swab

A

HEAT IS USED TO KILL POTENTIAL PATHOGENS IN APPLE JUICE

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16
Q

16.The action of some bacteriolytic chemical agents can be observed by noting a(n)

(a) increase in the turbidity of the medium
(b) decrease in the turbidity of the medium
(c) change in the color of the medium
(d) change in the surface tension of the medium
(e) none of the above

A

DECREASE IN THE TURBIDITY OF THE MEDIUM

17
Q

17.Which of the following is a form of control that mechanically removes
microorganisms and reduces contamination to safe levels:

(a) Sterilization
(b) Antiseptic use
(c) Disinfection
(d) Sanitization

A

SANITIZATION

18
Q

18.In the agar disk diffusion method of studying antimicrobial action, the
__________________________________ is measured.

(a) diameter of the zone of inhibition
(b) diameter of the individual microbial colonies
(c) turbidity of the medium
(d) distance between the microbial colonies

A

DIAMETER OF THE ZONE OF INHIBITION

19
Q

19.The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of an
antimicrobial chemical that:

(a) Kills a host
(b) Promotes microbial growth
(c) Inhibits infection
(d) Prevents growth of a particular pathogen

A

PREVENTS GROWTH OF A PARTICULAR PATHOGEN

20
Q

20.___________ are chemical agents that are applied directly to exposed body
surfaces, wounds, and surgical incisions

(a) Sterilizers
(b) Antiseptics
(c) Disinfectants
(d) Sanitizers

A

ANTISEPTICS

21
Q

21.All of the following are characteristics of ideal antibacterial agents except:

(a) inexpensive
(b) acts quickly
(c) harmless to humans
(d) effective against fungi
(e) kills pathogens

A

EFFECTIVE AGAINST FUNGI

22
Q

22.Of the microbial forms listed below, which exhibits the highest level of resistance to
physical and chemical methods of growth control?

(a) Protozoan cysts
(b) Most vegetative bacterial cells
(c) Naked viruses
(d) Bacterial endospores
(e) Yeasts

A

BACTERIAL ENDOSPORES

23
Q

23.Sterilization of meats and foods often occurs with:

(a) Microwaves
(b) Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
(c) Ionizing radiation
(d) Dry heat sterilization
(e) Autoclaving

A

IONIZING RADIATION

24
Q

24.Surfactants function as microbicidal agents because they do what to microorganisms?

(a) Inhibit peptide bond formation during translation
(b) Interfere with the synthesis of peptidoglycan
(c) Prevent mRNA transcription
(d) Denature proteins
(e) Disrupt the integrity and lower the suface tension of cell membranes.

A

DISRUPT THE INTEGRIY AND LOWER THE SURFACE TENSION OF CELL MEMBRANES.

25
Q

25.Both ionizing and nonionizing radiation tend to affect what?

(a) Cell membrane
(b) Cell wall
(c) Dna
(d) rna
(e) Proteins

A

DNA

26
Q

26.A practice that physically removes microorganisms from a sample is called:

(a) Filtration
(b) Pasteurization
(c) Dry heat sterilization
(d) Antisepsis
(e) Disinfection

A

FILTRATION

27
Q

27.Which of the following types of radiation is nonionizing and has the shortest wavelength?

(a) ultraviolet light
(b) infrared radiation
(c) microwaves
(d) X rays
(e) gamma rays

A

ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT

28
Q

28.Which of the following antibiotics is the “drug of last resort” in cases of antibioticresistance Staphylococcus aureus infections?

(a) Aminoglycoside
(b) Vancomycin
(c) Tetracycline
(d) Penicillin
(e) Erythromycin

A

VANCOMYCIN

MICROBIOLOGY (14 decks)

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