MODULE 1 MULTI-CHOICE Flashcards
- Which statement is not true as a general rule?
(a) Microbial cells exist as single cells
(b) Microbial cells carry out their life processes of growth independently
(c) Microbial cells include both bacteria and viruses.
(d) Microbial cells include both algae and protozoa
(e) Microbial cells include both bacteria and archaea
(c) MICROBIAL CELLS INCLUDE BOTH BACTERIA AND VIRUSES.
- Industrial uses of microbes include:
(a) Pollution control
(b) Production of enzymes
(c) Production of food additives
(d) Production of therapeutic compounds
(e) Any of the above
(e) ANY OF THE ABOVE
- The largest mass of living material on Earth comes from:
(a) Microorganisms
(b) Plants
(c) Animals
(d) Plants and animals together
(a) MICROORGANISMS
- Archaea are:
(a) Non-cellular
(b) A major group of protozoa
(c) Prokaryotic microorganisms
(d) Eukaryotic microorganisms
(e) A major group within the domain
Bacteria
(c) PROKARYOTIC MICROORGANISMS
- Which of the following is/are characteristic of ALL cellular organisms?
(a) Communication
(b) Evolution
(c) Motility
(d) Spore formation
(e) All of the above
(b) EVOLUTION
- When we look at infectious disease statistics for the global human population as a
whole, we find the number one cause of death is by:
(a) malaria
(b) aids
(c) anthrax
(d) tuberculosis
(e) respiratory infections
(e) RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
- Scientific method:
(a) explains natural phenomena using argument, superstition, and belief
(b) is subjective
(c) formulates an hypothesis and tests it
(d) proves theories
(e) all of the above
(c) FORMULATES AN HYPOTHESIS AND TESTS IT
- The orderly arrangement of organisms into groups through the use of a format that
shows evolutionary relationships is called?
(a) Phylogeny
(b) Classification
(c) Nomenclature
(d) Morphology
(e) None of the above
(a) PHYLOGENY
- In what/which domain(s) of life is/are microorganisms represented?
(a) Archaea
(b) Bacteria
(c) Eukarya
(d) All of the above
(e) None of the above
(d) ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Which of the following groups include members that lack DNA?
(a) Bacteria
(b) Fungi
(c) Archaea
(d) Protozoa
(e) Viruses
(e) VIRUSES
- Which of the following lack a nucleus?
(a) Animals
(b) Bacteria
(c) Fungi
(d) Protozoa
(e) None of the above
(b) BACTERIA
- Identify the individual who disproved spontaneous generation by using a swan-neck
flask to show that air and dust were the source of microbes.
(a) Carl Woese
(b) Edward Jenner
(c) Louis Pasteur
(d) Joseph Lister
(e) Martinus Beijerinck
(c) LOUIS PASTEUR
- Who was the first to observe microorganisms with a microscope?
(a) Hooke
(b) Koch
(c) Van Leeuwenhoek
(d) Pasteur
(e) Weizmann
(c) VAN LEEUWENHOEK
- Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
(a) Woese - phylogeny
(b) Ivanowski – virology
(c) Jenner – immunology
(d) Lister – biogeochemical cycles
(e) Flemming – antibiotics
(d) LISTER – BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
- Who of the following developed a set of criteria that could be used to establish a
causative link between a particular microbe and a particular disease?
(a) Robert Koch
(b) Louis Pasteur
(c) Edward Jenner
(d) Sergei Winogradsky
(e) Antoine van Leeuwenhoek
(a) ROBERT KOCH
- Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation?
(a) Robert Koch
(b) Joseph Lister
(c) Louis Pasteur
(d) Edward Jenner
(e) Antoine van Leeuwenhoek
(c) LOUIS PASTEUR
- Who developed solid growth media that lead to the first isolation of pure bacteria?
(a) Robert Koch
(b) Joseph Lister
(c) Robert Hooke
(d) Louis Pasteur
(e) Edward Jenner
(a) ROBERT KOCH
- The resolution of a microscope can be improved by changing the:
(a) Condenser
(b) Focus adjustment
(c) Staining the microbe
(d) Intensity of light
(e) Wavelength of light
(e) WAVELENGTH OF LIGHT
- In microscopy, resolution and resolving power:
(a) Refer to the ability to see two objects clearly as two objects
(b) Are improved with increased numerical aperture
(c) Are higher with light of a lower wavelength
(d) Will be better with the use of oil immersion lenses
(e) All of the above
(e) ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Which microscope achieves the highest magnification and greatest resolution?
(a) Compound light microscope
(b) Phase-contrast microscope
(c) Darkfield microscope
(d) Fluorescence microscope
(e) Electron microscope
(e) ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
- Most prokaryotic microorganisms are difficult to see with a microscope without using
standard staining procedures because:
(a) They are too small
(b) They move too fast
(c) They lack contrast with their background
(d) a and b
(e) a, b and c
(c) THEY LACK CONTRAST WITH THEIR BACKGROUND
- Which type of staining technique allows one to distinguish between two kinds of
organisms?
(a) Negative
(b) Simple
(c) Anionic
(d) Cationic
(e) Differential
(e) DIFFERENTIAL
- The ability of light to pass through an object is referred to as:
(a) Transmission
(b) Fluorescence
(c) Diffraction
(d) Refraction
(e) Resolution
(a) TRANSMISSION
- Which of the following allows best visualisation of internal structures of bacteria?
(a) Fluorescence microscopy
(b) Phase-contrast microscopy
(c) Brightfield microscopy
(d) Transmission electron microscopy
(e) Scanning electron microscopy
(d) TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
- An electron microscope has a higher resolution, or ability to see small things, than a light
microscope. This is because electrons:
(a) pass through objects more easily
(b) have a smaller wavelength
(c) outline specimens more readily
(d) immobilize the object they are magnifying
(e) all of the above
(b) HAVE A SMALLER WAVELENGTH
- You suspect a 100-nm structure is present in a cell. Which of the following provides the
lowest magnification that you can use to see this structure?
(a) Brightfield microscope
(b) Darkfield microscope
(c) Fluorescence microscope
(d) Phase-contrast microscope
(e) Scanning electron microscope
(e) SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
- Which of the following statements is false?
(a) All bacteria lack nuclear membranes
(b) All fungi are multicellular
(c) All protozoa are unicellular
(d) All viruses are parasites
(e) All fungi have nuclear membranes
(b) ALL FUNGI ARE MULTICELLULAR
- Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Viruses cannot reproduce outside a host cell
(b) Bacteria cannot move
(c) Fungi are plants
(d) Protozoa have rigid cell walls
(e) Algae are parasites
(a) VIRUSES CANNOT REPRODUCE OUTSIDE A HOST CELL
- A multicellular organism that has chitin cell walls and absorbs organic material is a(n)
(a) Alga
(b) Bacterium
(c) Fungus
(d) Protista
(e) Virus
(c) FUNGUS
- Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others?
(a) Cellulose
(b) Chitin
(c) Nucleus
(d) Peptidoglycan
(e) All have the same function
(c) NUCLEUS
- Fungi differ from bacteria in that fungi
(a) Have cell walls
(b) Have DNA
(c) Have a nucleus
(d) Spoil food
(e) Are cellular
(c) HAVE A NUCLEUS
- Which of the following statements about fungi is true?
(a) All are prokaryotic
(b) All are multicellular
(c) All reguire organic material for growth
(d) All grow using sunlight and carbon dioxide
(e) All are plants
(c) ALL REQUIRE ORGANIC MATERIAL FOR GROWTH
- Which of the following statements about protozoa is false?
(a) They have rigid cell walls
(b) They are classified by their method of movement
(c) All are unicellular
(d) All have complex cells
(e) All are eukaryotic
(a) THEY HAVE RIGID CELL WALLS
- Generally bacteria differ from viruses in that bacteria:
(a) Have both DNA and RNA
(b) Have ribosomes
(c) Are cells
(d) Can live without a host
(e) All of the above
(e) ALL OF THE ABOVE
- A virus:
(a) Is too small to be seen under any microscope
(b) Can be seen under an light microscope
(c) Can be seen under an electron microscope
d) Can be seen under any microscope
(e) Both b and c
(c) CAN BE SEEN UNDER AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
- Taxonomically, viruses are grouped in which of the following:
(a) Protista
(b) Eukarya
(c) Archaea
(d) Bacteria
(e) None of the above
(e) NONE OF THE ABOVE
- A complete mature virus particle is called a:
(a) Capsid
(b) Viroid
(c) Capsomere
(d) Virion
(e) Prion
(d) VIRION
- A bacteriophage is a:
(a) Bacterium that infects viruses
(b) Virus that infects bacteria
(c) Viral antibody that lyses bacteria
(d) Bacterial antibody that lyses viruses
(e) None of the above
(b) VIRUS THAT INFECTS BACTERIA
- Which of the following statements about viruses is false?
(a) They lack cells
(b) They cannot metabolize nutrients
(c) They cannot reproduce themselves
(d) They have both DNA and RNA
(e) They are parasites
(d) THEY HAVE BOTH DNA AND RNA
