Module 4 Insect Anatomy Flashcards
3 body segments
- head - antennae, eyes, mouthparts
- thorax - legs, wings
- abdomen - respiratory, reproductive, digestive
functions of cuticle (exoskeleton)
- physical protection
- prevents water loss
- rigid surface for muscle/organ attachment
- sensory interface for hairs/spines
resilin
rubber-like protein in exoskeleton that acts like springs (i.e. fleas)
arthrodial membrane
unhardened cuticle between segments that allows for expansion as insects feed
spine
cuticular extension
multicellular specialized
seate
cuticular extension, sensory hair, multicellular
acanthae
unicellular cuticular extension
microtrichia
cuticular extension, few to many per cell
chewing mouthparts
- labrum - upper lip, covers mandible
- hypopharynx - tongue
- mandibles - crush food
- maxillae - hold food
- labium - lower lip
sucking mouthparts
- labrum - forms food channel
- hypo pharynx - forms salivary tube
- mandibles - pierce skin
- maxillae - pierces skin
- labium - sheath
telmophages
pool feeders
cut skin then feed from blood pool
(i.e. deer flies)
solenophages
vessel feeders
penetrate capillaries then feed directly on blood
(i.e. mosquito)
parts of antennae
- scape - basal stalk
- pedicle - Johnston’s organ, sound-reception organ
- flagellum - remainder of antennae
- chemical receptors
antennae types
- filiform - cockroaches
- moniliform - termites
- clavate, serrate, pectinate, flagellate - beetle
- geniculate - ants
- plumose - mosquitoes
- aristate - fly
segments of thorax
- prothorax
- mesothorax
- metathorax
segments of leg
coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, tarsus
apterygota
no wings
primitive trait
pterygota
has wings
- 2 pairs
- 1 pair with second being reduced
- wingless (lost or evolved from wingless ancestors)
paleoptera
type of pterygota
Old wing
can’t fold wing over abdomen
all wings outside
neoptera
type of pterygote
New wing
can fold wings over abdomen
exopyterygota
type of neoptera
wing buds external
hemimetabolous
endopterygota
type of neoptera
wing buds internal
holometabolous
