Module 2 Epidemiology

Question 1

epidemiology definition

Answer 1

study of natural history and spread of diseases within human and animal populations

Question 2

vector definition

Answer 2

responsible for transmission of parasite/pathogen

does not transmit the disease

Question 3

disease definition

Answer 3

response of the host to the parasite

Question 4

parasite definition

Answer 4

organism dependent on host for survival

Question 5

facultative parasite

Answer 5

free living or parasitic form

Question 6

obligate parasite

Answer 6

totally dependent on their host

Question 7

ectoparasite

Answer 7

live outside host

Question 8

endoparasite

Answer 8

live inside host

Question 9

definitive host

Answer 9

parasite reaches maturity within the host (humans the majority of the time)

Question 10

intermediate host

Answer 10

host where some development of parasite occurs

• asexual reproduction
• vector

Question 11

vertical transmission

Answer 11

passage of parasite directly to later life stages (i.e. mother to young)

Question 12

horizontal transmission*

Answer 12

passage between vector and host

Question 13

mechanical transmission

Answer 13

(horizontal transmission)
vector transfers parasites without any parasitic development w/in vector
(vector acquires it then drops it off)

Question 14

biological transmission

Answer 14

(horizontal transmission)

vector transfers parasites in which biological development occurs

Question 15

reasons for emerging vector-borne diseases

Answer 15

1. demography
2. globalization of commerce
3. anthropogenic changes (i.e. climate/urbanization)
4. parasite evolution