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HUBS 192 > Module 4 (Gastrointestinal System) Overview > Flashcards

Module 4 (Gastrointestinal System) Overview Flashcards

1
Q

Major Organs of Gastrointestinal System

A

Oral cavity (Mouth)
Pharynx
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine

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2
Q

Accessory Organs of Gastrointestinal System

A

Teeth
Tongue
Salivary Glands
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas

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3
Q

Functions of the Gastrointestinal System

A

Motility
Secretion
Digestion
Absorption

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4
Q

Gut Tube Layers

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Adventitia

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5
Q

Mucosa Components

A

Epithelium
Lamina Propria (FCT)
Mucularis mucosae

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6
Q

Submucosa Components

A

Connective Tissue
Glands
Blood Vessels

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7
Q

General Layers of Muscularis

A

Smooth Muscle:
Inner circular
Outer longitudinal

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8
Q

Layers of Stomach Muscularis

A

Smooth Muscle:
Inner Oblique
Middle Circular
Outer Longitudinal

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9
Q

Gland Types

A

Unicellular Glands
Multicellular Glands

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10
Q

Salivary Glands

A

Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular

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11
Q

Peritoneum Layers

A

Parietal Layer (= lines body wall)
Visceral Layer (= lines organs)

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12
Q

Double Layers of Visceral Peritoneum

A

Mesentery
Omenta

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13
Q

Stomach Parts

A

Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pylorus

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14
Q

Pyloric Components

A

Antrum
Canal
Orifice
Sphincter

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15
Q

Cells of Gastric Glands

A

Parietal cells
G cells
Chief cells

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16
Q

Small Intestine Parts

A

Duodenum
Jejenum
Ileum

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17
Q

Large Intestine Parts

A

Caecum
Colon (Ascending, Transverse, Descending, Sigmoid)
Rectum
Anus

18
Q

Specialisations of the Small Intestine to Increase Surface Area

A

Length
Plicae Circulares
Villi
Microvilli

19
Q

Small Intestine Epithelium

A

Enterocytes
Goblet Cells
Stem Cells
Paneth Cells
Endocrine Cells

20
Q

Large Intestine Gross Structure

A

Teniae Coli
Haustra
Omental Appendices

21
Q

Liver Blood Supply

A

Hepatic Portal Vein
Superior Mesenteric Vein
Inferior Mesenteric Vein

22
Q

Liver Venous Drainage

A

Central Vein
Hepatic Vein
Inferior Vena Cava

23
Q

Regulation of GI Function

A

Central Nervous System (PSNS + SNS)
Enteric Nervous System

24
Q

Critical Hormones

A

Gastrin
Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP)
Secretin
Cholecystokinin (CCK)

25
Q

Contractions

A

Phasic
Tonic

26
Q

Motility Patterns

A

Migrating Motor Complex
Peristalsis
Retropulsion
Segmentation

27
Q

Exocrine Secretions

A

Mucus
Electrolyte Solution
Digestive Enzymes

28
Q

Gastric Secretions

A

Muscus
Intrinsic Factor
Pepsinogen
Gastric Acid

29
Q

Phases of Gastric Secretion

A

Cepalic Phase
Gastric Phase
Intestinal Phase

30
Q

Pancreatic Secretions

A

Enzymes
Alkaine Fluid

31
Q

Pancreatic Enzymes

A

Lipolytic
Amylytic
Proteolytic
Nucleolytic

32
Q

Small Intestine Secretions

A

Muscus
Isomotic Fluid
Digestive Enzymes

33
Q

Large Intestine Secretion

A

Mucus

34
Q

Chemical Digestion Nutrients

A

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids

35
Q

Disaccarides

A

Sucrose = glucose + fructose
Lactose = glucose + galactose
Maltose = glucose + glucose

36
Q

Chemical Digestion Stages

A

Luminal Digestion
Contact Digestion

37
Q

Stages of Fat Chemical Digestion

A

Emulsification
Stabilisation
Digestion (Hydrolysis)
Formation of Micelles

38
Q

Factors Affecting Absorption

A

Motility
Surface Area
Transport across epithelium
Removal from interstitial fluid

39
Q

Types of Diffusion

A

Passive
Active
Co-Transport

40
Q

Epithelial Diffusion Pathways

A

Paracellular
Transcellular

HUBS 192 (6 decks)

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