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HUBS 192 > Module 3 (Respiratory System) Overview > Flashcards

Module 3 (Respiratory System) Overview Flashcards

1
Q

Optimal Air Conditions

A

Warm
Clean
Moist

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2
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract

A

Nose
Nasal Cavity
Paranasal sinuses
Pharynx

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3
Q

Lower Respiratory Tract

A

Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Lungs

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4
Q

Additional Components of Respiratory Tract

A

Thoracic Cavity
Joints
Respiratory Muscles

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5
Q

Respiratory Epithelium

A

Psuadostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

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6
Q

Olfactory epithelium Components

A

Olfactory nerve fibers
Olfactory receptor cells
Olfactory support cells
Dentrites

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7
Q

Pharynx Regions

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

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8
Q

Larynx Components

A

Epiglottis
Hyoid Bone
Laryngeal Prominence
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Tracheal cartilage
Vocal fold
Vestibular fold

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9
Q

Bronchial Tree

A

Trachea
Primary bronchi
Secondary bronchi
Tertiary bronchi
Bronchiole
Terminal Bronchioles

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10
Q

Lung Epithelial Cells = Pneumocytes

A

Type I Squamous
Type II Cuboidal

(+ roaming macrophages)

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11
Q

Blood Air Barrier

A

Alveoli cell layer
Basement membrane
Capillary endothelium

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12
Q

Body Cavities of the Trunk

A

Thoracic Cavity
Diaphragm
Abdominal-Pelvic cavity

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13
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Mediastinum
Pleural cavities

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14
Q

Ventilation

A

Inspiration
Expiration

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15
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

P = 1/V

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16
Q

Thoracic Joints

A

Anterior:
Sternocostal
Costochondral
Interchondral

Posterior:
Costotransverse
Costovertebral

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17
Q

Muscles of Respiratory

A

Diaphragm
Intercostals
Accessory muscles

18
Q

Pleural Layers

A

Visceral
Partial
+ Pleural Fluid in-between

19
Q

Fick’s Law of Diffusion

A

F = A/T . D . (P1-P2)

20
Q

Opposing Forces of Breathing

A

Stiffness of Lungs (compliance)
Resistance to Airways (bronchial radius)

21
Q

Spirometry Trace Volumes

A

Tidal Volume
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Residual Volume
Minimal Volume

22
Q

Spirometry Trace Capacities

A

Vital Capacity
Total Lung Capacity
Inspiratory Capacity
Functional Residual Capacity

23
Q

Respiratory Disease Types

A

Obstructive (e.g. Bronchial Asthma and COPD)
Restrictive (e.g. Pulmonary Fibrosis)

24
Q

Gas Mixture

A

Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Water Vapor

25
Q

Gas Transfer via Diffusion determined by:

A

Surface Area
Thickness
Pressure Difference

26
Q

Alveolar Partial Pressure factors

A

Partial Pressure
Alveolar ventilation
Consumption (O2) or Production (CO2)

27
Q

Oxygen-Binding Curve Right Shift caused by:

A

Increase in CO2
Increase in H+ = Decrease in pH
Increase in Temp

28
Q

Oxygen-Binding Curve Left Shift caused by:

A

Decrease in CO2
Decrease in H+ = Increase in pH
Decrease in Temp

29
Q

Bohr Effect: Factors that causes a shift in Oxygen-Binding Curve

A

pH
Temperature
CO2
BPG

30
Q

CO2 Transport

A

Dissolved in plasma
Bicarbonate
Combined with proteins

31
Q

Neurons

A

1 = DRG (dorsal respiratory group)
2 = VRG (ventral respiratory group)
3 = Pre-Botzinger Complex

*all located in medulla oblongata of brain steam

32
Q

Sensors

A

Chemoreceptors (Central and Peripheral)
Lung Stretch Receptors
Baroreceptors
Protective Reflexes

33
Q

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV):

A

Extra volume that can be inhaled over and above tidal volume

34
Q

Tidal Volume:

A

Volume of air moved in and out during normal quiet breath. Average 500mL.

35
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV):

A

Extra volume that can be exhaled voluntarily after completion of a normal quiet repertory cycle

36
Q

Minimal Volume:

A

Volume remaining in lungs if they collapsed - cannot be removed from lungs

37
Q

Residual Volume:

A

Volume remaining in lungs after maximum exhalation

38
Q

Inspiratory Capacity:

A

Total volume of air that can be inspired from rest = IRV + VT

39
Q

Vital Capacity:

A

Total volume of air that can be moved in and out of your lungs = IRV + ERV + VT

40
Q

Functional Residual Capacity:

A

Volume remaining in lungs after normal expiration = ERV + RV

41
Q

Total Lung Capacity:

A

Total volume in lungs when filled to maximum = Vt + RV

HUBS 192 (6 decks)

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