Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2nd sem-Human Histology PRELIM > Module 4 (CONNECTIVE TISSUE) > Flashcards

Module 4 (CONNECTIVE TISSUE) Flashcards

1
Q

most abundant and most widely distributed tissue in the body

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

consists of three basic elements : cells, ground substance, and fibers

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE three basic elements

A

cells, ground substance, and fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

connective tissue cells are separated by considerable amount of matrix

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

do not usually occur on free surfaces

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

has nerve supply except for cartilage

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

highly vascular except cartilage, tendons have scanty blood supply

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

matrix maybe fluid, semi-fluid, gelatinous or calcified. *which is usually secreted by the connective tissue cells and adjacent cells and determines the tissue quality; in blood, the matrix is fluid.

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

binds, supports and strengthens other body tissues
protects and insulates internal organs

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

compartmentalizes structures such as skeletal muscles

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

major transport system within the body

A

blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a fluid from the connective tissue

A

blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

major site of stored energy reserves

A

adipose (fat) tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

derived from embryonic mesodermal cell called mesenchymal cells

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

most common cells in the connective tissue

A

FIBROBLASTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

responsible for the synthesis of extracellular matrix components (including proteins, such as collagen and elastin.

A

FIBROBLASTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

large, flat, spindle-shaped with branching processes

A

FIBROBLASTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

targets of various growth factors. *that influence cell growth and differentiation

A

FIBROBLASTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

TWO STAGES OF ACTIVITY
OF FIROBLASTS

A

Active
Quiescent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

with intense synthetic activity

A

Active cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Has an abundant and irregularly branched cytoplasm. Nucleus is ovoid, pale-staining, with fine chromatin and a prominent nucleolus. The cytoplasm is rich in rough ER and the golgi apparatus is well developed

A

Active cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

scattered within the matrix where they are already synthesized

A

Quiescent cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Smaller than the active fibroblast and is usually spindle shaped. Has a fewer processes; a smlaller, elongated nucleus; and more acidophilic cytoplasm with much less in rough ER.

A

Quiescent cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

DENOTION OF QUIESCENT CELL

A

FIBROCYTE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

DENOTION OF ACTIVE CELL

A

fibroblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

discovered and initially characterized by their phagocytic ability.

A

MACROPHAGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

capable of engulfing bacteria and cellular debris by phagocytosis

A

MACROPHAGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

TYPES of MACROPHAGE

A

Wandering
Fixed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

leave blood and migrate to infected area

A

Wandering Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

remain in certain tissues and organs

A

Fixed Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

are distributed throughout the body and are present in most organs. They comprise a family called “MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM”.

A

Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

All are long-living cells and may survive for months in tissues

A

Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Monocyte LOCATION and MAIN FUNCTION

A

Blood

Precursor of macrophage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

MACROPHAGE LOCATION and MAIN FUNCTION

A

Connective tissue, lymphoid organs, lungs, bone marrow

Production of cytokines, chemotactic factors, and several other molecules that participate in inflammation (defense), antigen processing and presentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

KUPFFER CELL

A

Liver

Same as macrophage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

MICROGLIA CELL

A

Nerve tissue of the CNS

Same as macrophage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

LANGERHANS CELL

A

Skin

Antigen processing and presentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

DENDRITIC CELL

A

Lymph nodes

Antigen processing and presentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

MULTINUCLEAR GIANT CELL

A

Connective tissue (fusion of several macrophages)

Segregation and digestion of foreign bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Large, oval or round connective tissue cells, 20-30 um in diameter, whose cytoplasm is filled with basophilic secretory granules.

A

MAST CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Abundant alongside blood vessels

A

MAST CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Produce histamine. *chemical that causes small blood vessels to dilate during inflammation

A

MAST CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Contain heparin to bind certain intracellular contents

A

MAST CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

A partial list of important molecules released from Mast Cells

A

Heparin
Histamine
Serine proteases
Eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

acts locally as an anticoagulant

A

Heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

promotes increased vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction

A

Histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

attract leukocytes

A

Eosinophil and Neutriphil chemotactic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Release of chemical mediators stored in mast cells promote the allergic reactions.

A

IMMEDIATE HYERSENSITIVITY REACTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

activate various mediators of inflammation

A

Serine proteases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Large, ovoid cells that have a basophilic cytoplasm due to their richness in rough ER

A

PLASMA CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Nucleus is generally spherical but eccentrically placed.

A

PLASMA CELLS

53
Q

Secrete antibodies. *provide defense mechanism though immunity

A

PLASMA CELLS

54
Q

contains a diversity of large molecules.
Influencing tissue development, migration, proliferation, shape and even metabolic functions

A

ground substance

55
Q

highly hydrated, transparent complex mixture of macromolecules

A

ground substance

56
Q

3 Classes of ground substance

A

Glycosaminoglycans
Proteoglycans
Multiadhesive glycoproteins

57
Q

Originally called mucopolysaccharides

A

GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS

58
Q

Formed by repeating disaccharide units usually composed of uronic acid and hexosamine

A

GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS

59
Q

can be galactosamine or glucosamine

A

HEXOSAMINE

60
Q

can be glucuronic or iduronic acid

A

URONIC ACID

61
Q

The largest and most unique GAG

A

hyaluronic acid (or hyaluronan)

62
Q

a viscous substance that binds cells together, lubricates joints, maintain shape of eyeball

A

HYALURONIC ACID

63
Q

Composed of a core protein to which are covalently attached various numbers and combinations of the GAG.

A

PROTEOGLYCANS

64
Q

They are synthesized in RER, mature in the golgi and secreted by cells by exocytosis

A

PROTEOGLYCANS

65
Q

have carbohydrates attached

A

MULTIADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEINS

66
Q

anchor cells in position and provide traction for the movement of cells

A

MULTIADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEINS

67
Q

examples of MULTIADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEINS

A

Fibronectin
Laminin

68
Q

has binding sites for collagen, certain GAGs, and integrins of cell membranes

A

Fibronectin

69
Q

participates in the adhesion of epithelial cells to the basal lamina, also with binding sites. *All basal laminae are rich in _______

A

Laminin

70
Q

Provide strength and support for tissues

A

FIBERS

71
Q

Types of Fibers

A

Collagen fibers
Elastic fibers
Reticular Fibers

72
Q

Very tough and resistant to pulling yet allow some flexibility of the tissue
Occur in bundles made of many tiny fibrils parallel to one an other

A

COLLAGEN FIBERS

73
Q

Consists of protein collagen /9most abundant protein in the body, 25% of total protein)
Found in bones, cartilages, tendons, and ligaments

A

COLLAGEN FIBERS

74
Q

Smaller in diameter than collagen
Branched and joined together to form network within tissue

A

ELASTIC FIBERS

75
Q

Contains protein elastin
Can be stretched upto 150% of their relaxed strength without breaking
Found in skin, blood vessel wall, lung tissue

A

ELASTIC FIBERS

76
Q

Consists of protein collagen and coating of glycoprotein

A

RETICULAR FIBERS

77
Q

Provide support in the walls of blood vessels and form network around fat cells, nerve fibers, skeletal and smooth muscle cells

A

RETICULAR FIBERS

78
Q

Thinner than collagen fibers and form branching networks
Help form the basement membrane

A

RETICULAR FIBERS

79
Q

Types of Connective Tissue

A

Embryonic Connective Tissue
Adult Connective Tissue

80
Q

Types of Embryonic Connective Tissue

A

Mesenchyme
Mucus Connective Tissue

81
Q

Types of Adult Connective Tissue

A

Loose CT (Areolar)
Dense CT
Specialized CT

82
Q

Types of Dense CT

A

Elastic CT
Irregular CT
Regular CT

83
Q

Types of Specialized CT

A

Reticular CT
Adipose CT

84
Q

Primarily present in the embryo or fetus

A

EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE

85
Q

developing human from pregnancy to first two months of pregnancy

A

EMBRYO

86
Q

developing human from third month of pregnancy until birth

A

FETUS

87
Q

irregularly shaped mesenchymal cells embedded in a semifluid ground substance that contains delicate reticular fibers

A

MESENCHYME

88
Q

star-shaped cells embedded in a viscous, jelly-like ground substance that contains fine collagen fibers

A

MUCUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE

89
Q

Location : deep to skin and along developing bones of embryo, some found in adult especially along blood vessels

A

MESENCHYME

90
Q

Function : forms all other kinds of connective tissue

A

MESENCHYME

91
Q

Location : umbilical cord of fetus
Function : support

A

MUCUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE

92
Q

Fibers are loosely woven and has many cells

A

LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

93
Q

consists of fiber (collagen, elastic, reticular) and several kinds of cells embedded in semi-fluid ground substance

A

AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

94
Q

Location : subcutaneous layer of skin, superficial regions of dermis, mucus membranes, blood vessels, nerves and around body organs

A

AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

95
Q

Function : strength, elasticity, support

A

AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

96
Q

Contains numerous, thicker and densely packed fibers but fewer cells

A

DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

97
Q

matrix looks shiny white, consists of predominantly collagen fibers arranged in parallel bundles, fibroblasts present in rows between bundles

A

DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

98
Q

Location : forms tendons, most ligaments and aponeuroses (sheet-like tendons that attach muscle to muscle or muscle to bone) and corneal stroma

A

DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

99
Q

Function : provides strong attachments between various structures

A

DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE`

100
Q

consists of predominantly collagen fibers, few fibroblasts

A

DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

101
Q

Location : dermis of skin, perichondrium (membrane around cartilage), periosteum (around bone), joint capsules, dura mater (outer membrane of the brain), heart valves, membrane capsules around various organs (kidneys, liver, testes)

Function : provides strength

A

DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

102
Q

consists of freely branching elastic fibers, fibroblasts present between fibers

A

ELASTIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE

103
Q

Location : lung tissue, walls of elastic arteries, trachea, bronchial tubes, vocal cords, suspensory ligament of penis

A

ELASTIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE

104
Q

Function : allow stretching of various organs

A

ELASTIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE

105
Q

consists of adipocytes (cells that store triglycerides) in large central area in the cytoplasm, nuclei are peripherally located

A

ADIPOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

106
Q

Location : subcutaneous layer of skin, around heart and kidneys, yellow bone marrow, around joints and behind eyeball

A

ADIPOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

107
Q

Function : reduces heat loss through skin, serves as an energy reserve, supports and protects

A

ADIPOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

108
Q

network of interlacing reticular fibers

A

RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

109
Q

Location : framework of liver, spleen and lymph nodes; red bone marrow

A

RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

110
Q

Function : forms stroma of organs, binds together smooth muscle tissue

A

RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

111
Q

Capable of enduring more stress to its collagen fibers

A

CARTILAGE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

112
Q

cells of mature cartilage, occur in singly or in groups among spaces called lacunae

A

CHONDROCYTES

113
Q

consists of bluish white and shiny ground substances with fine collagen fibers, numerous chondrocytes

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

114
Q

Location : ends of long bones, anterior ends of ribs, nose, parts of larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchial tubes, embryonic skeleton

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

115
Q

consists of chondrocytes scattered among bundles of collagen fibers

A

FIBROCARTILAGE

116
Q

Function : provides smooth surfaces for movement at joints flexibility and support

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

117
Q

Location : pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, cartilage pads ok knees

Function : support and fusion

A

FIBROCARTILAGE

118
Q

consists of chondrocytes located in a threadlike network of elastic fibers

A

ELASTIC CARTILAGE

119
Q

Location : epiglottis, external ear, Eustachian tube

Function : gives support and maintains shape

A

ELASTIC CARTILAGE

120
Q

Comprise the skeletal system

A

Cartilage, joints and bone tissue

121
Q

Types of Bone Tissue

A

Compact Bones
Spongy Bones

122
Q

consists of osteons (haversian system) that contain lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes, canaliculi, and central canal

A

Compact Bone

123
Q

consists of thin plates called trabecullae, spaces between trabeculae are filled with red bone marrow

A

Spongy Bones

124
Q

Location : various bones of the body

A

BONE (OSSEOUS) TISSUE

125
Q

Function : support, protection, storage, house blood-forming tissues, act with muscle tissue to facilitate movement

A

BONE (OSSEOUS) TISSUE

126
Q

Connective tissue with fluid matrix called plasma which contains suspended materials known as blood cells

A

VASCULAR TISSUE (BLOOD)

127
Q

consists of plasma and formed elements (blood cells)

A

VASCULAR TISSUE (BLOOD)

128
Q

Location : within blood vessels

A

VASCULAR TISSUE (BLOOD)

129
Q

Function : RBC transport respiratory gases ; WBC involved in phagocytosis, allergic reaction and immunity; platelets are essential for blood clotting

A

VASCULAR TISSUE (BLOOD)

2nd sem-Human Histology PRELIM (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions