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Cassandra's Pharmacology > Module 4 Chapter 30 Management of anxiety disorders > Flashcards

Module 4 Chapter 30 Management of anxiety disorders Flashcards

1
Q

psychological components of anxiety

A

fear
apprehension
dread
uneasiness

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2
Q

physical components of anxiety

A 
tachycardia
palpitations
trembling
dry mouth
sweating
weakness
fatigue
SOB
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3
Q

characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A 
psychological manifestations
vigilance
tension
apprehension
poor concentration
difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep

somatic manifestations
trembling
muscle tension
restlessness

autonomic
palpitations
sweating
cold clammy hand

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4
Q

first line for GAD

A

SSRIs
SNRIs
Buspirone

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5
Q

what meds are approved for GAD

A

SNRI
Velafaxine (Effexor XR)
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

SSRIs
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Escitalopram (Lexapro)

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6
Q

Velafaxine side effects

A 
nausea - subsides with time
headache
anorexia
nervousness
sweating
daytime somnolence
insomnia
HTN
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7
Q

Buspirone (BuSpar)

A

anxiolytic

short treatment of anxiety

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8
Q

most common reactions for Buspirone (BuSpar)

A 
dizziness
nausea
headache
nervousness 
sedation
lightheadedness
excitement
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9
Q

Levels of Buspirone (BuSpar) can be greatly increased by

A

erythromycin
ketoconazole
grapefruit juice

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10
Q

what 2 benzodiazepines are approved for anxiety are used most often

A

alprazolam (Xanax)

lorazepam (ativan)

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11
Q

characterized by recurrent, intensely uncomfortable episodes known as attacks peak in a few min and dissipate within 30 min

A

panic attacks

panic disorder

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12
Q

other things you can do to help with panic disorder

A

avoid caffeine and sympathomimetics
avoid sleep deprivation
regular aerobic exercise

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13
Q

first line for panic disorder

A

SSRI

fluoxetine (Prozac)
Paroxetine (paxil)
sertraline (Zoloft)

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14
Q

disabling condition characterized by persistent obsessions and compulsions that cause marked distress, consume at least 1 hour a day and significantly interfere with daily living

A

OCD

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15
Q

a recurrent, persistent thought, impulse or mental image that is unwanted and distressing and comes involuntarily to mind despite attempts to ignore or supress

A

obsession

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16
Q

a ritualized behavior or mental act that the patient is driven to perform in response to his or her obsessions.

A

compulsion

17
Q

treatment with OCD

A

drugs and behavioral therapy ( exposed to source of fears while being encouraged to refrain from compulsion)
optimal is both

last resort is deep brain stem

4 SSRIs 
Fluoxetine (prozac)
fluvoxamine (Luvox)
Sertraline (zoloft)
paroxetine (Paxil)
and 1 TCA (clomipramine) are approved to treat
SSRIS are preferred
18
Q

characterized by an intense, irrational fear of situations in which one might be scrutinized by others or might do something that is embarrassing or humiliating

A

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)

19
Q

SAD characteristics

A

intense anxiety that manifests as blushing, stuttering, sweating, palpitations, dry throat, muscle tension, twitches)

20
Q

difference between generalized and performance SAD

A

generalized - fears nearly all social and performance situations

performance - limited to public speaking or performance

21
Q

SAD treatment

A

psychotherapy and drug therapy

SSRIs are first line for most
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Sertraline (Zoloft)

initial effects take 4 weeks to develop, optimal is 8-12 weeks

Benzodiazepines (clonazepam (Klonopin), alprazolam (Xanax)). - rapid relief and can be used PRN

Propanolol (Inderal) - performance anxiety
take 1-2 hours before scheduled performance

22
Q

develops after a traumatic event that elicited an immediate reaction of fear, helplessness, or horror.

A

PTSD

23
Q

what are the 3 core symptoms of PTSD

A

re-experiencing an event

avoiding reminders of the event

persistent state of hyperarousal

24
Q

what is the most common anxiety disorder

A

Social Anxiety Disorder

25
Q

PTSD treatment

A

psychotherapy and with drugs

trauma focused therapy and stress inoculation training (exposure therapy) - repeatedly reimagine traumatic events as a way to make those events lose their power.

SSRIs
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Sertraline

SNRI
Velafaxine

mirtazapine

TCA - amitriptyline or imipramine

maoi
(phenelzine)

26
Q

med for OCD

A

paxil

27
Q

sonata helps with what part of sleep?

A

falling asleep

28
Q

anxiety disorder what could you take daily

A

Buspar

29
Q

when withdrawing Antiepileptic drugs taper

A

slowly over 6 weeks to several months

30
Q

flagyl and alcohol

A

no -disulfiram reaction

Cassandra's Pharmacology (14 decks)

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