Module 4

Question 1

What are aliphatic hydrocarbons ?

Answer 1

Carbon atoms are joined together in straight or branched chains

Question 2

What are alicyclic hydrocarbons?

Answer 2

Carbon atoms are joined together in a ring

Question 3

What are aromatic hydrocarbons?

Answer 3

One benzene ring in structure

Question 4

What is a homologous series?

Answer 4

Substances with same functional group differing by a CH2 unit

Question 5

General formula for alkanes

Answer 5

CnH2n+2

Question 6

General formula for alcohols?

Answer 6

CnH2n+1 OH

Question 7

General formula for alkenes?

Answer 7

CnH2n

Question 8

Functional group of carboxylic acids

Answer 8

-COOH

Question 9

What is a structural isomer?

Answer 9

Compounds with same molecular formula but different structural formula.

Question 10

What is a stereoisomer?

Answer 10

Organic compounds with same molecular and structural formula but different arrangements of atoms in space

Question 11

What is E/Z isomerism?

Answer 11

Stereoisomerism caused by restricted rotation around double bond with two different groups attached to C=C double bond

Question 12

What is homolytic fission?

Answer 12

When each bonding atom receives one electron from the bonded pair forming two radicals

Question 13

What is a radical?

Answer 13

Species with one or more unpaired electrons

Question 14

What is heterolytic fission?

Answer 14

When one bonding atom receives both electrons from bonding pair

Question 15

What shape do carbons form in alkanes and what is the bond angle?

Answer 15

Tetrahedral, 109.5 degrees

Question 16

As carbon-chan length increases what happens to boiling point and why?

Answer 16

Increases as molecular mass increases meaning they have more surface area contacts with more induced dipole-dipole forces

Question 17

How do branched compounds boiling points compare to straight chain?

Answer 17

Lower as they have less surface area interactions between molecules meaning they have fewer dipole-dipole attractions