Module 4

Question 1

______________ is a set of processes associated with practice or experience leading to relatively permanent changes in the capability for movement.

a.) motor learning
b.) performance curve
c.) learning curve
d.) retention test

Answer 1

a.) motor learning

Question 2

True or False: motor learning processes cannot be directly observed.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A time on target performance curve _________ with practice.

a.) increases
b.) decreases

Answer 3

a.) increases

Question 4

The _________ in an error performance curve shows improvement in task.

a.) incerase
b.) decrease

Answer 4

b.) decrease

Question 5

True or False: the subsequent gains in performance are greater than the initial gain in performance curves.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

True or False: a performance curve measures output, and not the processes that occur as a function of learning.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Which of the following is FALSE regarding performance curves?

a.) performance curves are sensitive to the differences among individuals
b.) within-subject variability is often omitted
c.) they measure behaviors, not processes

Answer 7

a.) performance curves are sensitive to the differences among individuals - they are insensitive

Question 8

True or False: within-subject variability induces a number that is not realistic when averaged across subjects.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

___________ is the concept that the task we choose or the way we score it may influence our assumptions about learning.

a.) motor learning
b.) score sensitivity
c.) error tolerance
d.) overlearning

Answer 9

b.) score sensitivity

Question 10

_________ occurs when a task is too difficult.

a.) floor effect
b.) ceiling effect

Answer 10

a.) floor effect

Question 11

_________ occurs when a task is too easy.

a.) floor effect
b.) ceiling effect

Answer 11

b.) ceiling effect

Question 12

A task is originally learned using your dominant hand. During the next experiment months later, you are asked to complete the task with your opposite hand. This is an example of a…

a.) retention test
b.) transfer test
c.) double transfer/retention test

Answer 12

b.) transfer test

Question 13

True or False: overlearning occurs when an individual continues to practice, even when performance on the primary task no longer improves.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

______________ is how someone can show that learning takes place during practice trials.

a.) by improving on a secondary task
b.) by improving automaticity
c.) by improving effort
d.) by improving speed
e.) by retaining the task later
f.) all of the above

Answer 14

f.) all of the above

Question 15

True: Initial score differences have no effect on making estimates about learning.

Answer 15

False; you should try to equate them at the beginning with randomization

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT included in the definition of motor learning?

a.) can be directly observed
b.) set of processes
c.) produces relatively permanent changes
d.) related to practice

Answer 16

a.) can be directly observed

Question 17

Which of the following describes the stimulus intensity effect?

a.) increased stimulus intensity results in increased reaction time
b.) increased stimulus intensity results in more variable reaction times
c.) stimulus intensity does not affect reaction time
d.) increased stimulus intensity results in decreased reaction time

Answer 17

d.) increased stimulus intensity results in decreased reaction time

Question 18

Which stage of information processing would be most affected by changing the intensity of the stimulus?

a.) stimulus identification
b.) response selection
c.) response programming
d.) all stages are affected equally by stimulus intensity

Answer 18

a.) stimulus identification

Question 19

Which of the following theories describes that attention for tasks comes from a pool of resources?

a.) capacity theory
b.) filter theory
c.) bottleneck theory
d.) probe reaction time theory

Answer 19

a.) capacity theory

Question 20

In a probe reaction time task, the attention demand of the primary task is determined by…

a.) increase in probe RT when performed with primary task
b.) decrease in probe RT when performed with primary task
c.) no change in probe RT when performed with the primary task
d.) decreased variability in probe RT when performed with the primary task

Answer 20

a.) increase in probe RT when performed with primary task

Question 21

A researcher wishes to use a probe RT paradigm to investigate the attentional demands of driving in rush hour traffic. For this example, what would be considered the primary task?

a.) probe reaction time
b.) driving
c.) counting

Answer 21

b.) driving