Module 13

Question 1

Pain is an unpleasant _____________________ experience, associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.

a.) sensory experience
b.) emotional experience
c.) sensory and emotional experience
d.) none of the above

Answer 1

c.) sensory and emotional experience

Question 2

True or False: pain is the most common reason for individuals to visit a physician.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Acute pain is a __________ problem that is often ___________, whereas chronic pain is a ___________ that is often ___________________.

a.) pathological; external
b.) physiological; external
c.) pathological; internal and unknown
d.) physiological; internal and unknown

Answer 3

b.) physiological; external

Question 4

True or False: acute pain responds well to medication.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

True or False: chronic pain is correlated with anxiety.

Answer 5

False; depression (acute pain is correlated with anxiety)

Question 6

True or False: 1 in 2 adults are affected by musculoskeletal pain.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

_____________ are the most common prescribed class of medications in the US.

a.) acetaminophen
b.) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
c.) local anesthetics
d.) opioids

Answer 7

d.) opioids

Question 8

Opioids does not reduce chronic pain in ____% of patients.

a.) 30%
b.) 50%
c.) 70%
d.) 80%

Answer 8

c.) 70%

Question 9

True or False: self-reported pain rating remains the golden standard for measuring and quantifying pain.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Clinical trials must show a ____ point reduction in pain intensity in order to be considered effective.

a.) 0.5
b.) 1
c.) 2
d.) 2.5

Answer 10

c.) 2

Question 11

________________ refers to how long it takes to complete an action (in milliseconds).

a.) movement time
b.) joint excursion
c.) peak velocity
d.) peak acceleration

Answer 11

a.) movement time

Question 12

_______________ refers to the range of motion of joints, which measures based on angles in units of degrees.

a.) movement time
b.) joint excursion
c.) peak velocity
d.) peak acceleration

Answer 12

b.) joint excursion

Question 13

_____________ is a person’s fastest speed while performing a reaching task.

a.) movement time
b.) joint excursion
c.) peak velocity
d.) peak acceleration

Answer 13

c.) peak velocity

Question 14

____________ is the rate of change in speed from the initial posture to the target contact (angular acceleration).

a.) movement time
b.) joint excursion
c.) peak velocity
d.) peak acceleration

Answer 14

d.) peak acceleration

Question 15

_______ assesses fear of reinjury due to movement, using the degree of agreement (strongly disagree to strongly agree) in 17 statements.

a.) Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
b.) Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale

Answer 15

a.) Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia

Question 16

_______ assesses pain-related fear, using degree of agreement (never to always) in 20 statements.

a.) Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
b.) Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale

Answer 16

b.) Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale

Question 17

Decreased velocity of lumbar spine occurred during…

a.) high fear and fast pace
b.) low fear and fast pace
c.) high fear and comfortable pace
d.) low fear and comfortable pace

Answer 17

a.) high fear and fast pace

Question 18

Decreased acceleration of lumbar spine occurred during…

a.) high fear and fast pace
b.) low fear and fast pace
c.) high fear and comfortable pace
d.) low fear and comfortable pace

Answer 18

a.) high fear and fast pace

Question 19

True or False: psychological factors influence movement during reaching tasks.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

True or False: change in velocity and acceleration occurred in the lumbar spine, thoracic spine, and hips of participants.

Answer 20

False; just lumbar spine

Question 21

True or False: patients with high fear are more likely to have recurring pain, because they are not using the injured muscle.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

__________ was found to restrict lumbar flexion the most.

a.) anatomical factors
b.) physiological factors
c.) high fear
d.) none of the above

Answer 22

c.) high fear

Question 23

Activation of pain circuits early and then disappears in which group?

a.) those with chronic pain who do not recover
b.) those who recover

Answer 23

b.) those who recover

Question 24

Activation of pain circuits early and then shifts to emotion circuits in which group?

a.) those with chronic pain who do not recover
b.) those who recover

Answer 24

a.) those with chronic pain who do not recover

Question 25

Perception of pain involves all of the following EXCEPT…

a.) sensation
b.) vision
c.) audition
d.) emotion
e.) language

Answer 25

e.) language

Question 26

True or False: pain does not have to be physical.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Virtual Reality can be used to reduce when pain is first experienced by ___________ the extent of the actual movement in the virtual world.

a.) overstating
b.) understating
c.) not changing

Answer 27

b.) understating

Question 28

Understated visual feedback resulted in…

a.) participants moving further and reporting more pain
b.) participants moving further and reporting less pain
c.) participants stopping movement sooner and reporting more pain
d.) participants stopping movement sooner and reporting less pain

Answer 28

b.) participants moving further and reporting less pain

Question 29

True or False: effect of fear on movement is best seen when movements are made quickly and to high targets.

Answer 29

False; quickly and to low targets