Module #33 - Psychological Therapies Flashcards
Psychotherapy
An interaction between a trained therapist and someone who is seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.
4 major types of psychotherapy
Psychoanalytic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive
Eclectic approach
An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the person’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939)
Founder of psychoanalysis, a controversial theory about the workings of the unconscious mind.
Psychoanalysis
Freud’s theory of personality; a therapeutic technique that attempts to provide insight into thoughts and actions by exposing and interpreting the underlying unconscious motives and conflicts.
Psychological Assumptions
- Psychological problems are the result of repressed conflicts and impulses from childhood.
- The therapist must bring the repressed problems into the conscious mind to help patients have insight about the original cause of the problem.
Free Association
Freudian technique of discovering the unconscious mind – where the patient relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.
Resistance
In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.
Interpretation
In psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting of ideas of the meaning behind dreams, resistances, and other significant behaviors to promote insight.
Transference
In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer strong emotions (such as love or hatred) linked with other relationship to the analyst.
Problems with Psychoanalysis
- Can important memories be repressed?
- Psychoanalysis takes a long time and is very costly.
- Psychoanalysis does not allow for differing interpretations.
Psychoanalysis Candidate Traits
- Motivation
- Capacity to form interpersonal relationships.
- Capacity for introspection and insight.
- Ego strength (open to painful facts about oneself)
Psychodynamic approach
A more modern view that retains some aspects of Freudian theory but rejects other aspects (keeps unconscious mind, less on unresolved childhood conflicts)
Nondirective Therapy
Therapist listens without interpreting and does not direct the client (patient) to any particular insight.
Carl Rogers (1902 - 1987)
Humanistic psychologist who developed client-centered therapy and stressed the importance of acceptance, genuineness, and empathy in fostering human growth.
Client-Centered Therapy
A humanist therapy, developed by Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate the client’s growth.
Active Listening
Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies.
Characteristics of Active Listening
- Echoing/Reflecting feelings
- Restating/Paraphrasing
- Clarifying
Behavior Therapy
A therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors. Founded by Dr. Neal Houston.
Counterconditioning
A behavior therapy technique that teaches us to associate new responses to places or things that have in the past triggered unwanted behaviors.
Systemic Desensitization
A type of counter conditioning that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety-triggering stimuli.
Behavior Therapy
A therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors. Founded by Dr. Neal Houston.
Counterconditioning
A behavior therapy technique that teaches us to associate new responses to places or things that have in the past triggered unwanted behaviors.
Systemic Desensitization
A type of counter conditioning that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety-triggering stimuli.
