Module #19 - Social Relations Flashcards
Mere Exposure Effect
The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them.
Physical attractiveness
- positive first impressions are correlated with the attractiveness of a person
- attractive people are judged to be happier, healthier, more successful, etc.
- physical attractiveness is highly determined by culture
Dissimilar
- people are reluctant to include dissimilar people in their group of friends
- close friends usually share interests, attitudes, age, intelligence level, and economic status
Passionate Love
An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another; usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.
Companionate Love
A deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined.
2 important factors: equity and self disclosure
Equity
The condition in which people contribute to and receive from a relationship at a similar rate.
Self-disclosure
Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.
Altruism
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.
Bystander Effect
The tendency for a person to be less likely to give aid if other people are present.
Prejudice
An unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members.
Stereotype
A generalized (sometimes accurate but often over generalized) belief about a group of people.
Discrimination
In social situations, taking action against a group of people because of step typed beliefs and feelings of prejudice.
Ingroup “Us”
People with whom we share a common identity.
Outgroup “Them”
Those perceived as different or apart from “us” (the ingroup)
Ingroup Bias
Tendency to favor one’s own groups.
Scapegoat theory
The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.
Categorization
The tendency to group similar objects.
Other-Race Effect
The tendency to recall faces of one’s own race more accurately than faces of other races.
Just-world phenomenon
The tendency to believe that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
Aggression
any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.
Biochemistry
the correlation of higher testosterone levels with aggressive behaviors.
Alcohol and other drugs can increase aggressive behavior.
Learned Aggression
aggression learned though observation of other begin aggressive.
Superordinate goals
shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.
