Module 3 terms

Question 1

Glycogenesis: (when we have too much glucose in blood)

Answer 1

=making gylcogen
-excess glucose is stored as glycogen
-this process is stimulated by insulin (lack of insulin or non-responsiveness-diabetes)
-glycogen (polysaccharide) is the only form of carbs stored in the body
-this occurs in the liver and skeletal muscle
-requires hexokinase and ATP

Question 1

Glycogenolysis: (when we need ATP):

Answer 1

glycogen in liver/muscle nis broken down to glucose
-npt an exact reverse of glycogenesis process (need phosphorylases and phosphatases)
-stimulated by glucagon and epinephrine

glucagon: hormone from alpha pancreas cells to increase glucose levels

Question 2

Lipolysis:

Answer 2

lipids stored in the adipose tissue or liver and can be oxidised to make ATP

Question 3

Lipogenesis:

Answer 3

excess calories can be stored by liver or adipose cells as lipids

Question 4

Lipolysis:
(lipid catabolism)

Answer 4

Triglycerides → (lipase) → glycerol + fatty acids
Stimulated by epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol

Question 5

Ketogenesis: (too much acetyl CoA)

Answer 5

-process in slides
-results in Increased H+ in blood, metabolic acidosis (pH falls), ketonuria (high ketones in urine), fruity breath, need glucose

Question 6

Lipogenesis (Lipid Anabolism):

Answer 6

-stimulated by insulin
-liver/adipose cells make lipids if we consume more calories than we need