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BCPR > Module 3: Lesson 3: Fracture > Flashcards

Module 3: Lesson 3: Fracture Flashcards

1
Q

How many different types of fractures are there?

A

9

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2
Q

Name the different types of fractures.

A
  1. Transverse
  2. Spiral
  3. Oblique
  4. Comminuted
  5. Segmental
  6. Avulsed
  7. Greenstick
  8. Torus
  9. Impacted
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3
Q

True or false:

Fractures can be intra-articular or extraarticular, open or closed?

A

True

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4
Q

Name some common types of wrist fractures

A
  • Colles fracture
  • Smiths fracture
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5
Q

Name a common hand fracture

A

Boxers fracture

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6
Q

Name a common type of elbow fracture

A

Distal humerous

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7
Q

Name a common type of shoulder fracture

A
  • Proximal humerous
  • Humeral shaft
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8
Q

What is the general healing time for a callus formation?

A

2-3 weeks

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9
Q

What is the general healing time for a union fracture?

A

4-6 weeks

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10
Q

What is the general healing time for a consolidation fracture?

A

6-8 weeks

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11
Q

What are some common complications associated with fractures?

A
  • CRPS
  • Arthritis
  • Unhealed fractures/nonunion
  • Heterotopic ossifications
  • CTS
  • Frozen shoulder
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12
Q

Name some coordination/dexterity assessments

A
  • O’conner Tweezer Dexterity Test (FM using a small tool)
  • Minnesota Rate of Manipulation Test (arm/hand dexterity)
  • Purdue pegboard test
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13
Q

Describe conservative management for shoulder fractures.

A
  • Sling immobilization for up to 6 weeks
  • AROM of elbow, forearm, wrist and hand
  • Controlled exercises begin 1-2 wks post injury with pendulum and PROM (elevation, IR/ER)

**Passive stretching is contraindicated during initial phase of fracture healing
- 4-6 weeks post AA/AROM can begin (start supine)
- Strengthening can begin when cleared by MD (typically 8-12 weeks)

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14
Q

What are the most common elbow fractures?

A
  • Radial head
  • Olecranon
  • Distal humeral
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15
Q

What is the most common surgical procedure for elbow fractures?

A

ORIF

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16
Q

Describe post surgical treatment for shoulder fractures.

A
  • Some surgeons begin with early ROM programs, others wait
  • Post surgical protocols follow the same ROM as non surgical except for timing.
  • May be ROM (ER limited to 30 degrees)
  • Strengthening delayed until 12 wks post op
17
Q

Humeral shaft fractures require what type of brace?

A

Sarmiento brace - allows ROM below fracture site

18
Q

With what type of fracture might the patient present with a radial nerve palsy?

A

Humeral shaft

19
Q

Describe conservative management for elbow fractures.

A
  • If stable and aligned: Therapy can begin 2-3 days after injury
  • Goal is to restore motion and protect elbow to allow optimal healing.
  • Use removable posterior thermoplastic elbow orthosis
  • Initiate AROM of uninvolved joints immediately after injury

Week 1: Remove orthosis for AA and AROM elbow and forearm (gravity assisted positions)
- When there is evidence of fracture union/stability begin PROM in hinge orthosis, joint and soft tissue mob, affected UE for light fx activities.
- Week 6-8: Begin strength exercises
- Week 8: Increase ROM through full range, increase strength

20
Q

Describe distal radius fracture interventions

A
  • Edema management
  • ROM in pain free range (extend their wrist while their digits are in composite flexion and during wrist flexion, the digits can relax)
  • Strengthening
  • ADLs/occupations
21
Q

Describe orthosis for boxers fracture

A

May include wrist in slight extension, MCPs flexed to 60 degrees or more and IP extension

22
Q

Describe treatment for boxers fracture

A
  • Orthosis
  • Early, controlled AROM when MD approves
  • 8-12 weeks gentle strengthening on the ulnar side of the hand
23
Q

What type of pelvic fracture is classified as stable?

A

Type A

24
Q

What type of pelvic fracture is classified as rotationally unstable, but vertically stable?

A

Type B

25
Q

What type of pelvic fracture is described as unstable?

A

Type C

BCPR (19 decks)

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