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BCPR > Module 2: Lesson 9: Low Vision > Flashcards

Module 2: Lesson 9: Low Vision Flashcards

1
Q

At what age does the visual fields typically mature?

A

7 months

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2
Q

What is the normal visual field range?

A

60 degrees nasally
100 degrees temporally
60 degrees up
75 degrees down

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3
Q

Define the term below:

Our ability to direct the eyes towards an object and create an image on the fovea like looking at the face of a loved one. This does not mature until the teen years.

A

Fixation

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4
Q

Define the term described below:

Our ability to move the eye smoothly while maintaining focus on an object (i.e. keeping focused on a ball during a kick ball game). Begins at 2-3 months and continues to improve throughout childhood.

A

Pursuits

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5
Q

Define the term described below:

Our ability to rapidly move the eye and focus from one object to another. Begins at 3 months and continues to develop over childhood.

A

Saccades

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6
Q

Define the term described below:

Our eyes ability to maintain focus at varying distances, is almost mature at 3 months of age.

A

Accomodation

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7
Q

Define the term described below:

The movement of both eyes in the opposite direction in order to create or maintain single binocular vision is usually developed by 6 months and 3D acuity reaches maturity at about preschool age.

A

Vergence

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8
Q

What 2 visual skills are important for a child to be able to move back and forth between near work, such as reading, to distance work such as looking at the blackboard.

A

Accommodation and vergence

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9
Q

What does the warren test assess?

A

Visual fixation

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10
Q

What part of the eye is the transparent outer layer of the eye. It is responsible for focusing light and has a refraction power of approximately 43 diopters. It covers the iris, pupil and anterior chamber.

A

Cornea

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11
Q

What part of the eye is the white portion the serves as protection and as an attachment point for the extraocular muscles?

A

Sclera

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12
Q

What part of the eye is a layer of tissue that covers the inside surface of the sclera.

A

Uvea

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13
Q

What part of the eye is a clear mucous membrane that lines the inner eyelids and front surface of the eye, except the cornea. It serves as protection and nourishes the cornea?

A

Conjunctiva

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14
Q

What part of the eye is responsible for receiving the light from an object?

A

Retina

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15
Q

What is cranial nerve 2 also known as?

A

Optic nerve

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16
Q

What is ocular albinism?

A
  • A form of albinism present mostly in the eyes

- The retinal pigment epithelium lacks pigment while the hair and skin appear normal

17
Q

What term is described below:

  • A form of albinism present mostly in the eyes
  • The retinal pigment epithelium lacks pigment while the hair and skin appear normal
A

Ocular albinism

18
Q

What issues result from ocular albinism?

A
  • Reduction in visual acuity
  • High astigmatism and or nystagmus
  • Strabismus
  • Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
19
Q

The following describes what condition?

  • Reduction in visual acuity
  • High astigmatism and or nystagmus
  • Strabismus
  • Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
A

Ocular albinism

20
Q

Is there a treatment for albinism?

A

No

Symptom management only

21
Q

What is retinitis pigmentosa?

A
  • A group of ocular conditions in which the loss of photoreceptors leads to a decrease in vision, leading to blindness.
  • Genetic
  • Rods are the first phot receptors to be loss
  • Complete vision loss can happen in early childhood, but most people progress slowly with legal blindness not occurring until adulthood.
22
Q

What visual condition is described below:

  • A group of ocular conditions in which the loss of photoreceptors leads to a decrease in vision, leading to blindness.
  • Genetic
  • Rods are the first phot receptors to be loss
  • Complete vision loss can happen in early childhood, but most people progress slowly with legal blindness not occurring until adulthood.
A

Retinitis pigmentosa

23
Q

Is there a treatment for retinitis pigmentosa?

A

Not currently

24
Q

What are some things that can happen from corneal impairments?

A
  • reduced visual acuity
  • decreased contrast sensitivity
  • discomfort and disability glare
  • loss or relative reduction of visual field
  • a combination of these
25
Q

What is the term for some the deficits listed below:

  • reduced visual acuity
  • decreased contrast sensitivity
  • discomfort and disability glare
  • loss or relative reduction of visual field
  • a combination of these
A

Corneal impairments

26
Q

What are some conditions that can affect the iris or pupil?

A
  • Chronic uveitis

- Diabetes and glaucoma

27
Q

What is a disorder of the lens that can occur?

A

Cataracts

28
Q

Name some disorders of the retina

A
  • Macular degeneration
  • Bests disease
  • Stargardts disease
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Histoplasmosis
29
Q

What eye condition is often seen with MS patients?

A

Optic neuritis (visual field loss)

30
Q

Describe percentage of areas in brain affected by homonymous hemianopsia?

A
  • 40% result of injury to occipital lobe of cerebral hemisphere
  • 30% parietal lob
  • 25% temporal lobe
  • 5% optic tract and geniculate nucleus
31
Q

Name some assessments for distance visual acuity

A
  • Feinbloom chart
  • ETDRS Chart
  • Snellen chart
  • Teller cards
  • LEA symbols
32
Q

Name some assessments for near visual acutity?

A
  • VFRA screening
  • Lighthouse near LogMAR chart
  • Reduced Snellen
  • LEA symbols
33
Q

Name some assessments for central visual field testing.

A
  • Amsler grid
  • Tangent screen
  • Finger counting field
  • Humphrey visual field analyzer
  • Goldmann visual filed perimeter testing
  • Confrontation field screening
34
Q

Name some tests that are used for contrast sensitivity

A
  • Pelli robson contrast sensitivity chart

- Mars letter contrast sensitivity chart

BCPR (19 decks)

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