module 3: Haemoglobin Flashcards

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1
Q

what is it

A

globular protein with quaternary structure
4 polypeptide chains
each has team group containing iron
has a high affinity for oxygen
each molecule carries 4 o2\
oxygen going to iron to form oxyhaemoglobin

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2
Q

when is there a high partial pressure of oxygen

A

high concentration of sidles oxygen in cells

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3
Q

at a high po2

A

oxygen loads onto haemoglobin, has a high affinity for oxygen

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4
Q

at a low po2

A

oxyhemoglobin unloads oxygen, has a low affinity for oxygen

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5
Q

where is o2 unloaded

A

repairing tissues where there is a low po2

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6
Q

where is there a high po2

A

alveoli

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7
Q

what does a dissociation curve show

A

ow saturated the haemoglobin is with oxygen at any partial pressure

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8
Q

why is a dissociation curve ‘s’ shaped

A

when Hb combines with the first o2 molecule, its shape alters to make it easier for other o2 to join, as Hb becomes saturated its harder for o2 to join

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9
Q

fetal haemoglobin

A

has a higher affinity for o2 than adult at the same po2

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10
Q

why does FH have a higher affinity

A

gets o2 from mother across placenta
by the time mothers blood reaches placenta it has passed cells so oxygen saturation has decreased

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11
Q

how does co2 affect oxygen unloading

A

Hb gives up o2 more readily at a higher pCO2 so more oxygen gets to cells during activity
higher pco2 during respiration

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12
Q

what happens when co2 diffuses into red blood cells

A

reacts with water to form carbonic acid catalysed by carbonic anhydrase
the carbonic acid splits into H+ ions and hydrodrogencarbonate ions

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13
Q

what does the increase in h+ ions cause

A

oxyhb to unload o2 so Hb can load the ions forming haemoglobinic acid

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14
Q

what does the increase in h+ ions cause

A

oxyhb to unload o2 so Hb can load the ions forming haemoglobinic acid

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15
Q

what happens to HCO-3 ions

A

diffuse into blood plasma out now red blood cells causing chloride ions to diffuse into red blood cells, this is the chloride shift

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16
Q

what happens when blood reaches lungs

A

low pco2 causes some not hco3 and h+ ions to combine into co2 again and water and is breathed out