Module 3 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the competence standard in psychology?
A
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Section B1 of the code of ethics: Psychologists only provide services within the bounderies of their competence.
- Limits of educations, knowledge, laws, and any potentially compromising personal factors
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Ethics Guidelines: Many groups, therapy types and diagnoses carry their own competency requirements
- Eg Aboriginal/TSI, suicidal patients, working with multiple clients, online therapy
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Tips for ensuring competent practice:
- Be qualified (appropriate training)
- Continuing professional development
- Awareness of own capabilities, limitations, biases and vulnerabilities
- Communicate your experience level to client and clarify your role
2
Q
What is the competency training model?
A
- Training model which develops student’s competency and enhances their employability: In Aus this is accomplished through the 6 Gradutate attributes
- Knowledge and Understanding, Research Method, Critical Thinking, Values, Communication, Learning and application
- Competency architecture; building up the competence profile;
- Comptenency built on characteristics -> traits -> abilities then knowledge skills and attitudes
- Developed through academic training, practical training and professional practice.
3
Q
What are the differences between core and specific competencies?
A
- Core Competencies: Competencies shared across all specialisations.
- Specific Competencies: Vary between psychs based on
- Work Setting/activities (research vs practice, AoPEs)
- Type of service provision (individual vs groups)
- Range of clients (adult vs children)
- Tools utilised (questionaires vs instruments)
- Techniques used (CBT vs Family therapy)
4
Q
What is Snyder and Elliots (2005) Matrix model of Competency?
A
- Informed by positive psychology; core focus on strengths and weaknesses of people in their personality and environment.
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Core consists of 4 quadrants along 2 dimensions
- Horizontal = Source (of factors, either individual or environmental) Vertical = Valence (focus type either positive or negative)
- 4 factors; Strengths of person (1) Stengths of environment (2) Weaknesses person (3) environ (4)
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Proximal aspects; Onion rings of outward in terms of 4 conceptual levels from micro to macro systems
- Levels; Individual, Interpersonal, Institutional, and Societal
5
Q
What is Rodolfa et al’s (2005) cube model of competency assessment?
A
- Model based on three orthogonal dimensions relevant to training:
- 6 Foundational Competency Domains; eg reflective practive, relationships, Legal ethical standards
- 6 Functional Competency Domains; eg intervention, consultation, research
- Stages of Professional Development; eg doctoral education, residency, CPD
- Domains are not mutually exclusive
- Each professional stage can be visualised through prarameters of practice (clients, problem addressed, settings etc)
6
Q
What is an OSCE?
A
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Objective Structured Clinical Examinations; Proposed by Sheen, et al (2015) to assess competency
- Student performance is observed by examiner at different stations and evaluated against a pre-constructed checklist.
- Each station is a case study client
- Pyramid of competence; Knows - Knows How (explains) - Shows how - Does
-
Pros and Cons of OSCEs
- reliable and valid measurement in medicine
- Can place undue stress on student
- Performance captured only in one point
7
Q
According to Bartram and Roe what are the first 3 areas of competencies in european psychology?
A
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Goal Specification; interacting with client to define goals of service
- Needs Analysis; gathering information about client needs
- Goal Setting; proposing, negotiating, setting attainable goals
-
Assessment; establishing relevant characteristics though interviews, testing, surveys etc
- Individual assessment;
- Group Assessment;
- Organisational assessment;
- Situational assessment;
-
Development; Developing services or products on basis of psychological theory
- Service/product definition and requirement analysis
- Service/product design
- Service/product Testing
- Service/product evaluation
8
Q
According to Bartram and Roe what are the 4th 5th and 6th areas of competency in european psychology?
A
-
Intervention; Identifying, preparing and carrying out interventions
- Planning
- Direct person oriented
- Direct situation oriented
- Indirect
- Service/product
-
Evaluation; establishing adequancy of interventions in terms of set goals
- Planning
- Measurement
- Analysis
-
Communication
- Giving feedback
- Report writing
9
Q
What are the requirements of the 4+2 psychology internship?
A
- 35 hour week for 2 years (must be completed within 5 years)
- Minimum 17.5 hrs per week internship
- At least 1 hr of this is one-on-one supervision
- 60 hours professional development
- 40% client contact
- Supervision logbook, 6-monthly reports, final report and case studies
10
Q
What is the national psychology exam?
A
- The National Psychology Exam needs to be completed when applying for general registration.
- Need to obtain 70% or more in each of the four areas of competency:
- Ethics
- Assessment
- Intervention
- Communication
11
Q
Why is business acumen an important competency in psychology?
A
- Many psychologists will go into private practice and require business skills such as
- medicare,
- government responsibilities,
- record keeping,
- disposal of records,
- selling a business ethically,
- keeping up to date with CPD
- In Aus, no business skills are taught in Psych. Although other allied health like pharmacy do.
- Europsyc model covers:
- CPD, Marketing, professional strategy, account and practice management, quality assurance
12
Q
What is Lave and Wengers “Community of practice” model?
A
13
Q
What ethical issues for supervisee’s are outlined in the APS guidelines?
A
- Supervisors: Competence, delegation, conflict of interest, non-exploitation, privacy, professional responsibility
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Supervisee’s; Competence, confidentiality, ethical investigations,
- Actively participate, engage and proactively persue development of competencies
- Be sure to disclose probational status if working with a client
- Comply with informed consent and confidentiality
- If noting problems with supervisor’s conduct don’t ignore
14
Q
What features of Dyadic Peer models are outlined by Borders (2012) for peer consultation?
A
- Examined 3 models all based in the Remley Benshoff and Mowbray format (peers take turns being supervisor/supervisee)
- Remley (1987) 10 sessions, Benshoff (1993) 7 Sessions, Benshoff/Paisley (1996) 9 sessions
- No study involved objective outcome measures, although participants reported high satisfaction for feelings of support, less satisfaction with levels of being challenged by supervisor
- All 3 models involved taking turns as supervisor and supervisee, reviewing tapes and case studies. Later two models also incoporated goal setting, reviews etc
15
Q
What features of Triadic/group peer consultation models are outlined by Borders (2012)?
A
- Triadic supervision; 1 supervisor working simultaneously with 2 supervisees (usually) Group consultation; Most prolific and varied in makeup
-
Distinguishing factors
- Vary among focus (personal issues, skill development, etc)
- Distinguished by whether or not a leader is present, and how that leader is chosen, rotated etc
-
Empirical Studies:
- Students appreciated reflective and observing roles for building different skills, vicarious learning and multiple persepectives
- Themes of initial apprehensions, trust and safety growing over time
