Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Alevel Physics OCR A > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

How is energy transferred?

A

From regions of high temperature to regions of low temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Thermal equilibrium

A

When two objects are in contact with each other and are the same temperature, there is no net transfer of energy between them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Celsius to kelvin?

A

Add 273K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the celcuis scale based on?

A

Freezing and boiling point of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the problems with the celcuis scale?

A

The boiling and freezing point changes according to pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the arrangement of solids?

A

Particles vibrate in a fixed position
If temperature increases the amplitude of vibration increases.
Spacing between atoms are very small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the arrangements of liquids?

A

The particles can flow past each other. They vibrate but not in a fixed position.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the arrangement of gases?

A

Particles are far apart. They don’t exert forces on each other expect during collisions. Particle move in random morion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can brownian motion be demonstrated?

A

Using smoke cells or pollen grains in a liquid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Observation seen in brownian motion?

A

The smoke particles move in random motion. The air particles cannnot be seen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the conclusions from brownian motion?

A

The smoke particles are colliding with the air particles, which must also be moving in random motion. The air particles must be smaller then the smoke cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Internal energy

A

The sum of the randomly distributed kinetic energy and potential energy of all particles of a substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When a substance is changing state, what energy increases?

A

KE is constant. PE is increasing by breaking the bonds.
Temperature is constant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Specific heat capacity

A

The energy to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is specific latent heat?

A

The energy per kg required to change its state without changing its temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Specific latent of fusion

A

The energy per kg required to melt a substance at a constant temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Specific heat of vaporisation

A

The energy per kg required to vaporise a substance at a constant temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Heat

A

Type of energy (J)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Temperature

A

Measure of hotness of an object (K)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

B

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

D

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the molar mass?

A

Tells us how much the mass of one mole of a substance weighs.
Eg. Water = 18g/mole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How do you find the number of atoms or molecules?

A

Moles X avogadro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Why do we use root mean squared speed?

A

Many different particles have different speeds. So you can find the average velocity using this.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Assumptions:

A

R-Random motion. large number of particles have rapid,random motion
A- Attraction. Negligible forces of attraction between particles except during collisions.
V-Volume. Individual particles occupy negligible volume compared to the volume of gas.
E-Elastic collisions.
D-Duration of collisions. Time spent in collisions is negligible compared to time spent between collisions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the forces of ideal gases?

A

Zero forces except during collisions.
The potential energy is assumed to be 0.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

PV=nRT

A

n= number of moles
R= gas law constant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

PV=NKT

A

N= number of particles
K= Boltzmann constant

31
Q

PV=NKT

A

N= number of particles
K= Boltzmann constant

32
Q

Boyle’s law

A

Temperature is constant for fixed amount of gas.
PV= constant
P= constant/V
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume.

33
Q

Charles’ law

A

Volume = constant n= constant
PV=nRT
P=nR/V X T
P= constant X T
Pressure is directly proportional to temperature

34
Q

What is the centripetal force?

A

Net constant force which causes an object to move in a circular path

35
Q

What is the direction of centripetal force?

A

It is always directed towards the centre of the circle

36
Q

Which direction is the centripetal force compared to velocity

A

Perpendicular to the velocity of the object.

37
Q

How can you have acceleration at constant speed?

A

Velocity is a vector quantity and the magnitude remains the same but the direction changes. The centripetal acceleration causes the change in direction.

38
Q

Why does the speed of an object in circular motion not change?

A

The net force is directed perpendicular to the direction of motion( the velocity: this means that there is no work done by the force and hence no change in speed.

39
Q

For an object to be moving in circular motion what is required?

A

The force is constantly acting 90 to the objects velocity (towards the centre of the circle).

40
Q

A object travelling in a loop what is the force at the bottom?

A

The centripetal force at the bottom has to provide for the weight too.
S= centripetal force + weight

41
Q

An object travelling in a loop what is the force at the bottom?

A

The weight is acting downwards so-
S= centripetal force - weight

42
Q

Angular frequency

A

The rate of change of angular displacement.

43
Q

What are the two characteristics of simple harmonic motion?

A

The acceleration is proportional to the displacement.
The acceleration is always directed towards the equilibrium position.

44
Q

A against X grapgh

A

Straight line through the origin.
Gradient negative
A proportional to X

45
Q

At t=0 the oscillator is at the amplitude what is the equation?

A

X= Acos(wT)

46
Q

At t=0 the oscillator is at the equilibrium what is the equation?

A

X= Asin(wt)

47
Q

What are the effects of damping?

A

Amplitude decreases.
The time period remains the same so the frequency remains the same.

48
Q

In SHM the time period is independent of what

A

Of the amplitude

49
Q

In SHM the time period is independent of what?

A

Amplitude 2

50
Q

Free oscillator

A

The system is disturbed once and then oscillates with no external forces.

51
Q

Forced oscillation

A

A driving force is applied during the oscillations

52
Q

A free oscillator will be moving at?

A

Natural frequency

53
Q

What is the natural frequency?

A

The frequency at which an object will oscillate after an initial disturbance.

54
Q

If the driving force matches the natural frequency what occurs?

A

Resonance occurs and the amplitude increases.

55
Q

During damping what happens to the graph?

A

Amplitude decreases and the peak occurs at a lower frequency

56
Q

What are the conditions required for SHM?

A

Acceleration (force) acts in the opposite direction to the displacement.
Acceleration is proportional to displacement.

57
Q

What is resonance the opposite of?

A

Damping

58
Q

What are gravitation fields caused by?

A

An object having mass

59
Q

The more the field lines..

A

The stronger the gravitational field

60
Q

Close to the surface of earth what is assumed about the gravitational field strength?

A

The field strength is uniform

61
Q

What is the speed of an object when it is closer to the sun compared to when its further away?

A

It speeds up closer to the sun as it experience more of a gravitational force.

62
Q

What is speed of an object closer to the sun compared to one further away from the sun?

A

The speed is faster closer to the sun as it experience more of a gravitational force

63
Q

Geostationary satellites

A

Have an orbital period of 24 hours about the equator.
The remain fixed to the sky to an observer on Earth.

64
Q

What does the area under a force against distance represent?

A

The work done

65
Q

define angular velocity

A

the rate of change of angle.

66
Q

Where does a centripetal force act upon?

A

it is always perpendicular to the velocity of an object. This means this force has no component in the direction of motion therefore no work is done on the object. This means that the speed is constant.

67
Q

What is the relationship between the angular velocity and the linear velocity?

A

for objects with the same angular velocity, the linear velocity at any point is directly proportional to the the radius of that object.

68
Q

How do you find mass from molar mass?

A

Mass = molar mass/avogadros constant

69
Q

Why is solid water less dense then liquid water?

A

As the molecules are held slightly further apart than in their random arrangement so ice is less dense

70
Q

How do atoms or mole cause pressure?

A

The milcules are always kiving and exert a force on the walls and

71
Q

At absolute zero what is the pressure of the gases?

A

The pressure must be zero as the particles aren’t moving and the potential energy is at a minimum.

72
Q

How do temperature and internal energy correlate?

A

Ideal gas: particle don’t have electrostatic forces except during collisions. So there is no electrical potential energy so all the internal energy is in the form of kinetic energy.

73
Q

Why does the centripetal force not affect the direction of motion?

A

It is always perpendicular to the velocity of the object so it does no work on the object

74
Q

For objects with the same angular velocity what is the linear velocity equal to?

A

Linear velocity is directly proportional to the radius.

Alevel Physics OCR A (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions