Module 3 Flashcards
What is personality?
the structures and propensities inside people that explain their typical patterns of thought, emotion, and behaviour.
What are cultural values?
shared beliefs about desirable end states or modes of conduct in a given culture
What is ability?
the relatively stable capabilities people have to perform a particular range of different but related activities (not skills) - what people can do
What are the “Big Five” factors of personality?
- conscientiousness
- agreeableness
- neuroticism
- openness to experience
- extraversion
What taxonomies can be used to describe cultural values?
- individualism-collectivism
- power distance
- uncertainty avoidance
- masculinity-femininity
- short-term vs. long-term
What are the various types of cognitive ability? (5)
- Verbal
- Quantitative
- Reasoning
- Spatial
- Perceptual
What are various types of emotional ability? (4)
- Self-awareness
- Other awareness
- Emotion regulation
- Use of emotions
What are the various types of physical ability? (5)
- Strength
- Stamina
- Flexibility and coordination
- Psychomotor
- Sensory
How do individual differences affect job performance and organizational commitment?
- Conscientiousness has a moderate positive effect on performance and commitment.
- Cognitive ability has a strong positive affect of performance, and a weak affect on commitment
What is job satisfaction?
a pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experiences
What are values?
those things people consciously or subconsciously want to seek or attain
How do values affect job satisfaction?
employees are satisfied when their job provides the things they value
What specific facets do employees consider when evaluating their job satisfaction?
- pay
- promotion
- supervision
- co-worker
- the work itself
Which job characteristics can create a sense of satisfaction with the work itself? (5)
V - variety
I - identity
S - significance
A - autonomy
F - feedback
What are moods and emotions?
moods are states of feeling that are often mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not explicitly directed at or caused by anything
How can mood and emotions be categorized?
moods can be categorized by pleasantness and activation.
How does job satisfaction affect job performance and organizational commitment?
- job satisfaction has a moderate positive affect on job performance
- job satisfaction has a strong positive affect on commitment
How does job satisfaction affect life satisfaction?
the degree to which employees feel a sense of happiness with their lives in general
What steps can organizations take to assess and manage job satisfaction?
conduct attitude surveys
What trait has the biggest influence on job performance of any of the Big Five?
conscientiousness
Of the Big Five, what trait is the easiest to judge in zero acquaintance situations?
extraversion
What are some commonly assessed work values?
pay
- high salary
- secure salary
promotions
- frequent promotions
the work itself
- intellectual stimulation
- creative expression
- sense of achievement
Which theory argues that job satisfaction depends on whether you perceive that your job supplied the things that you value?
value-percept theory
What is the concept where employees shape, mould, and redefine their jobs in a proactive way?
job crafting
What are the three core job characteristics that provide meaningfulness to work?
significance, variety, identity
What are the key elements of personality? (4)
- relatively stable
- genetically determined
- affects attitudes and behaviours
- can change over time
What is the second most important predictor of job performance?
Neuroticism / emotionality (negatively related to job performance)
What is an important factor (of the Big Five) of a sales job?
extraversion
What is not necessarily a good personality factor for a manager (but good for other jobs)?
agreeableness
What is situational strength?
the extent to which a situation has clear expectations and rules for how one behaves
What is the personality factor that helps to explain people’s behaviour on the basis of what they believe causes the events in their lives
external/internal locus of control
