Module 2 Flashcards
What is job performance?
the value of the set of employee behaviours that contribute, either positively, or negatively, to organizational goal accomplishment
What is task performance?
the set of explicit obligations that an employee must fulfil to receive compensation and continued employment
How do organizations identify the behaviours that underlie task performance?
by conducting a job analysis
What is citizenship behaviour?
voluntary employee activities that may or may not be rewarded but that contribute to the organization by improving the overall quality of the setting in which the work takes place (things you do that are over-and-above your job description)
What is organizational commitment?
the desire on the part of an employee to remain a member of the organization
What is withdrawal behaviour?
a set of actions that the employees perform to avoid the work situation - behaviours that may eventually culminate in quitting the organization
How are organizational commitment and withdrawal behaviour connected?
If you have a high organizational commitment, you will have a low withdrawal behaviour and vice-versa, inversely connected
What are the three forms of organizational commitment, and how do they differ?
affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment
What are the four primary responses to negative events at work?
- voice: active, constructive - attempt to improve the situation
- loyalty: passive, constructive - privately hopes for improvement
- exit: active, destructive - physical withdrawal
- neglect: passive, destructive - psychological withdrawal
What are some examples of psychological withdrawal?
actions that provide a mental escape:
- daydreaming
- looking busy
- cyberloafing
- socializing
- moonlighting
What are some examples of physical withdrawal?
actions that provide a physical escape:
- tardiness
- missing meetings
- quitting
- absenteeism
- long breaks
How do the different forms of withdrawal relate to each other? (3 views)
- independent forms model (no correlation)
- compensatory forms model (negative correlation)
- progression model (positive correlation)
What workplace trends are affecting organizational commitment in today’s organizations?
- changing demographics (diversity)
- changing employee-employer relationships (psychological, transactional and relational contracts)
How can organizations foster a sense of commitment among employees?
What is affective commitment?
a desire to remain a member of an organization due to an emotional attachment (emotion-based - want to)
What is continuance commitment?
a desire to remain a member of an organization because of the costs associated with leaving it - staying because you need to (cost-based - need to)
What is normative commitment?
a desire to remain a member of an organization due to a feeling of obligation (obligation based - ought to)
What is the erosion model?
it suggests that employees with fewer bonds in an organization will be more likely to quit it
What is the social influence model?
It suggests that employees who have direct. bonds with “leavers” they will be more likely to leave themselves.
What is counterproductive work behaviour (CWB)?
not in the job description - intentional act that negatively affects work/the organization
What summarizes the statistical relationships between variables?
correlations
Research on citizenship behaviour concluded that the quality but not quantity of crew output is higher in crews that included more good citizens - TRUE/FALSE
FALSE - both the quality and quantity improve
What is the type of relationship between organizational commitment and withdrawal behaviour?
Inverse/negative
All of the following statements accurately describe counterproductive behaviours except:
- people who engage in one form of counterproductive behaviour are most likely to engage in multiple
- there is a strong positive correlation between task performance and counterproductive behaviours
- sometimes the best task performers are the ones who can best get away with counterproductive actions
- counterproductive behaviour is relevant to any job
- counterproductive behaviours tend to represent a pattern of behaviour rather than isolated incidents
- there is a strong positive correlation between task performance and counterproductive behaviours
the correlation is negative (inversely related)
If an employee has fewer bonds with co-workers, they are more likely to quit the organization. What is this model called?
the erosion model
