Module 22

Question 1

Groundwater

Answer 1

After glaciers, this is the next largest reservoir for freshwater

Question 2

Infiltration

Answer 2

Runoff that percolates through the spoon

Question 3

Zone of aeration

Answer 3

Upper soil layers that hold both air and water

Question 4

Zone of saturation

Answer 4

Lower soil layers, where all spaces are filled with water

Question 5

Water table

Answer 5

The top of the zone of saturation

Question 6

Aquifer

Answer 6

An underground reservoir of water

Question 7

Artesian well

Answer 7

A pressurized aquifer

Question 8

Recharge zone

Answer 8

Where water infiltrates into an aquifer

Question 9

Surface water

Answer 9

Water that exists above ground, including streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, and wetlands

Question 10

Surface runoff

Answer 10

Water that does not infiltrate the ground

Question 11

Watershed

Answer 11

Drainage basin

Question 12

Drought

Answer 12

Long periods of time where regions receive 30% or less of their average annual precipitation

Question 13

Flood plains

Answer 13

Flat land area that are periodically flooded with nutrient-rich silt from the nearby rivers and streams they surround

Question 14

Riparian vegetation

Answer 14

Plant habitats and communities along Bodies of water

Question 15

Overdraft

Answer 15

A condition that occurs when withdrawals exceed recharge and water tables begin to fall

Question 16

Land subsidence

Answer 16

When a groundwater reservoir sinks

Question 17

Saltwater intrusion

Answer 17

When saltwater flows into freshwater aquifers

Question 18

Ogallala aquifers

Answer 18

Provides irrigation water to several midwestern states

Question 19

Hydroelectric power

Answer 19

Hoover dam generates this

Question 20

California state water project

Answer 20

Uses a series of pumps, aqueducts, and damns to move water from northern to Southern California

Question 21

Flood irrigation

Answer 21

This method of irrigation relies on pumping large volumes of water directly into agricultural land

Question 22

Drip irrigation

Answer 22

This method of irrigation uses a series of plastic pipes containing many small hoes to release water along crop rows

Question 23

Center pivot

Answer 23

This method of irrigation consist of numerous metal frames rolling on wheels that extend large water pipes out over crops

Question 24

Desalinization

Answer 24

The process of removing salt from saltwater

Question 25

Reverse osmosis

Answer 25

Micro-filtration

Question 26

Distillation

Answer 26

A process of desalination in which water is boiled and the resulting steam is captured and condensed to yield pure water