Module 16

Question 1

Risk

Answer 1

The probability of harmful effects to human health resulting from exposure to an environmental hazard

Question 2

Non-transmissible disease

Answer 2

A disease that can’t be spread from person to person

Question 3

Communicable disease

Answer 3

A disease that can be spread from person to person

Question 4

Pathogen

Answer 4

Anything that can produce a disease

Question 5

Virus

Answer 5

A pathogen that works by invading a cell and taking over that cell’s machinery to copy itself

Question 6

Epidemic

Answer 6

An outbreak that is limited to one area or region

Question 7

Pandemic

Answer 7

A disease that spreads globally

Question 8

Toxicology

Answer 8

Study of the detrimental effects chemicals have on living organisms

Question 9

Biomagnification

Answer 9

Occurs when chemicals that accumulate in body tissues are passed from one organism to another through the food chain

Question 10

Dose-response curve

Answer 10

An LD50 graph

Question 11

Acute effect

Answer 11

Immediate response to a chemical

Question 12

Chronic effect

Answer 12

Long-term exposure to a chemical

Question 13

Median lethal dosage

Answer 13

Dose required to be lethal for 50% of a test population

Question 14

Non-threshold dose-response model

Answer 14

If the response to a chemical begins at 0 and increase continuously with a dosage

Question 15

Threshold dose-response

Answer 15

Shows that harmful effects of a chemical do not occur until after the dose exceeds a threshold level

Question 16

Neurotoxin

Answer 16

Chemicals that disrupt the nervous system of animals

Question 17

Carcinogen

Answer 17

Compounds that cause or promote cancer in the human body

Question 18

Mutagen

Answer 18

Carcinogens that cause damage to the genetic material of a cell

Question 19

Teratogen

Answer 19

Chemicals that interfere with the normal development of embryos

Question 20

Federal insecticide, Fungicide & Rodenticide Act

Answer 20

Gives EPA the authority to regulate the sale, packaging, distribution, and disposal of pesticides

Question 21

Federal Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act

Answer 21

Allows EPA to set tolerance levels for pesticide residue on food for human and livestock consumption

Question 22

Food Quality Protection Act of 1996

Answer 22

This law outlines more requirements for assessing tolerance levels for pesticides

Question 23

Emergency Planning & Community Rights to know Act

Answer 23

Requires government to improve public knowledge and access to information regarding toxic chemicals