Module 2: Science of Psychology Flashcards
What is inductive prediction?
based on descriptive regulations
What is deductive prediction?
derived from theories
What are the 5 steps of the scientific method?
identify question gather information to form a hypothesis test hypothesis by researching analyse data, draw tentative conclusions, report findings build a body of knowledge
What are the three things that make an experiment?
hypothesis to be tested
change in a given situation
measurement of a quantity of interest
What type of looking do infants do?
preferential looking
What is the experimental design for research?
experimental situation, hypothesis, independent and dependent variables
What is the quasi-experimental design for research?
experimental situation, hypothesis, 1 or more predictor variables and 1 or more outcome variables
What is correlational study?
a variant of quasi
no theoretical or conceptual distinction between prediction and outcome
used to determine whether two variables are related
What is naturalization observation?
recording one or more variables in an uncontrolled situation
What is a case study?
in-depth study of one person or small group, usually over a period of time
What are the 5 ethical principles?
merit integrity justice beneficence respect
What are confounding variables?
two that are intertwined
cannot determine influence on dependent variable
The ________________ refers to the notion that if two theories can equally explain and predict the same phenomenon, then the simpler one is the preferred theory.
law of parsimony
The concept of replication is most closely associated with which of the following? internal validity reliability random selection the placebo effect
reliability
In a negative correlation, ___________ scores on one variable are associated with ____________ scores on a second variable.
higher
lower
