Module 2: Hypersensitivity Flashcards
Hypersensitivity
Altered immune response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to an individual
Autoimmune response
An immune reaction of an organism that act against its own healthy cells and tissues
Alloimmune response
An immune response to antigens not found in one’s own body, but found in other members of same species
Type I hypersensitivity
“Allergic reactions” provoked by re-exposure to a specific antigen (referred to as antigen), IgE-mediated
Type II hypersensitivity
Reactions where antibody react to antigens fixed on the surface of body cells or specific tissues
Type III hypersensitivity
Reactions where antibody-antigen complexes are formed in circulation and are deposited randomly on cell surfaces
Type IV hypersensitivity
Cell-mediated reactions where ANTIBODIES are not involved, involves helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells
Anaphylaxis
Systemic severe allergic response to an allergen that gains access to bloodstream, affecting multiple tissues
Immunotolerance
State of immunologic control where a person doesn’t make a detrimental immune response against their own cells and tissues
Hyperacute rejection
Rejection of transplanted organ/tissue that occurs IMMEDIATELY after transplantation. Usually due to recipient already having Ab against donor’s Ag from previous blood transfusion or transplant
Acute rejection
Rejection of transplant that takes days to months
Chronic rejection
Rejection of transplant that takes months to years. Slow progressive organ failure due to blood vessel damage and fibrosis
Graft vs. Host disease
When transplanted tissue still has some Ab from donor’s immune system and recognizes the host’s tissue as foreign and attack it
Immunodeficiency
Failure of immune system to function normally
Allergen
An antigen involved in allergic response
