Module 2 Exam Flashcards
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ):
Is the most used joint in the body
Stability of the temporomandibular joint is provided by:
A thick, strong joint capsule
There are _______ vertebrae and ________ pairs of spinal nerves in the human body.
33,31
Ligaments of the TMJ include which of the following:
lateral temporomandibular ligament
Normal ROM for mouth opening is:
3 finger (PIP) width
Symptoms of TMJ disorders include which of the following:
headaches, tinnitus, clicking of joint, crepitation, locking of jaw, decreased ROM
These muscles perform rock, tilt, rotation, and lateral flexion of the head.
suboccipitals
The costovertebral and costotransverse articulations_______
are located in the posterior ribcage/vertebral region
The bucket handle movement of the ribcage during inspiration increases the diameter of the thoracic cavity_______
In width
During inspiration:
the diaphragm contracts and descends into the abdominal cavity
Two laminae unite to form a___________
Spinous process
Quiet expiration occurs as a result of___________
relaxation of the diaphragm and elastic recoil
Torticollis is typically caused by
tightness of the sternocleidomastoid
Severe scoliosis (abnormal lateral curvature and rotation of the spine) results in the following effect (s) on the respiratory structures:
decrease in ribcage mobility and decreased thoracic cavity space on the concave side
The _____ is a thick, powerful muscle, easily palpable during a biting motion just above the angle of the mandible.
Masseter
Direction of motion of any vertebral joint depends on__________
Orientation of facets
Pivot joint in the spine
Atlantoaxial
The major weight bearing structure of the vertebral column is the:
Vertebral body
Which of the following is an accessory muscle of inspiration?
Sternocleidomastoid
Regarding the intervertebral disc:
no independent blood supply: exchange of nutrients and waste through cartilaginous vertebral end plates
Which of the following attach to the thoracolumbar fascia and provide trunk stability?
internal obliques and transverse abdominis
The Lumbar region_____________.
has the largest vertebrae in the column because it supports the weight of the upper body
Ligaments which limit excessive cervical/trunk flexion are:
posterior longitudinal, supraspinous, interspinous
Any amount of lateral curve in the vertebral column is referred to as:
scoliosis
The majority of cervical rotation (approximately 50%) occurs at the ________.
Atlanto-axial joint
The spinal cord passes through the _________.
Vertebral foramen
__________is an active therapeutic intervention often successful in correcting a forward head posture
Chin tuck
The atlanto-occipital joint is a condyloid joint that has which of the following movements:
flexion/extension, lateral flexion of the head
The _____ muscle (also known as the corset muscle) is the deepest of the abdominal muscles.
Transverse abdominus
Which of the following motions generates the greatest amount of tensile force to the lumbar spine?
picking up a textbook from the floor by bending forward and twisting to reach it
Risk of rupture of disc fiber and possible herniation of disc materials is significantly increased in _______.
twisting while lifting a heavy load with trunk flexed
The ____________muscle(s) attach between the cervical spine and the upper two ribs and may assist with inspiration by elevating the ribs when the c-spine is fixed.
Scalenes
The sacroiliac joint is
Reinforced by strong ligaments and often used in old age
Which of the following serve to control the forward flexion to maintain an erect posture
Erector spinae group
____has a bifid spinous process
Cervical vertebrae
_____has the largest vertebral body
Lumbar vertebrae
_____has a foramen in the transverse process
Cervical vertebrae
_____have long slender spinous processes, pointing inferiorly
Thoracic vertebrae
_____ has the longest spinous process
7th cervical vertebra
Serves as an attachment for the ribs
Thoracic vertebrae
The accessory muscles of inspiration pull ____________on the sternum and rib cage, while the accessory muscles of expiration pull_____________.
Superiorly, inferiorly
___________________is the most efficient method of breathing and requires the least energy.
diaphragmatic breathing
An anterior pelvic tilt is naturally accompanied by:
increased lordosis of the lumbar spine
Which muscle(s) is (are) part of the transversospinal group?
Multifidis
The right quadratus lumborum is able to:
“Hike” the right side of the pelvis
Persons with COPD often have a barrel-chested appearance because__________.
air becomes trapped in the lungs at the end of quiet or forced expiration
https://study.com/cimages/videopreview/videopreview-full/kgr4t3wjv4.jpg
Masseter
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nicolas_Patricio_Skarmeta/publication/328749437/figure/fig6/AS:689756287549440@1541462122906/Medial-pterygoid-muscle-extraoral-botulinum-toxin-application-technique.ppm
Medial pterygoid
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSUvyDNMkPfUkoJIRINUc_ZqYnnys5DufZpTQ&usqp=CAU
Lateral Pterygoid
https://thumbor.kenhub.com/ruKy9ulPPC_BvLPqvCJbF7EeJDA=/fit-in/800x1600/filters:watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):background_color(FFFFFF):format(jpeg)/images/article/en/temporal-muscle/90L9uuqtxKZVefOqVFDYIg_Temporal_muscle.png
Temporalis
