Module 2: 2 Data Collection Tools Flashcards
Data which are already existing. Obtained by some other people for purposes that may be different from the investigators. Ex: registry of cases of a disease in a hospital.
Secondary data
Obtained first hand by the investigator to answer the objectives of his study. Collected directly from subjects in the study.m
Primary Data
Disadvantages of Secondary data: no _____ over how data was collected. Different ________ regarding variables & ______ in data extraction.
Control. Concepts. Errors.
Simplest & cheapest. Data may be incomplete. Issues on confidentiality and timeliness of information.
Review of documents/ use of documented sources
PE, Extracting blood, Observing behavior & Environment and may need cameras & laboratory equipments.
Observations
One-one-one encounter between interviewer & respondent. Face to face or telephone interviews. Use of an interview schedule (list of question to be asked). Answers are written ______ by data collector. Richer & more complete information.
Interviews. Verbatim.
When an interview may not be feasible. Written questions with spaces for answers. Less expensive and time consuming than an interview. _______ of respondent is maintained. Standardized.
Questionnaires. Anonymity.
Methods that should be used depends on level of ______ & ______ of data desired (derived from __________).
Quality & Quantity. Objectives of the study.
Methods that should be used depends on ______, ______ & _______ available for data collection.
Time, money & manpower.
Quality of SD: Interval between date of occurrence of an event and the time the data is ready to be used.
Timeliness
Quality of SD: In coverage. In accomplishing all the items in every form.
Completeness
Quality of SD: Closeness of data or measurement to the true value.
Accuracy
Quality of SD: Repeatability or consistency of info obtained. Extent to which similar info obtained when a measurement is performed more than once.
Precision
Quality of SD: Consistency of the data produced with the needs of the data user.
Relevance
Quality of SD: Details provide a complete picture of the situation being considered. Do the collected data provide all the basic info needed to meet the requirements of the user.
Adequacy
Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 1. Determine the info needed by examining _______________.
Study objectives/Conceptual framework
Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 2. Make an ________ to the questionnaire/tool.
Introduction
Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 3. Decide on the ________ of the question. (Easy questions first)
Sequence
Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 4. Write the _______ (include ______ questions, including _____ questions.
Draft. Clear. Skip.
Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 5. ________ the questionnaire.
Pretest
Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 6. ________ as needed.
Revise
More info is obtained. No limits. Harder to code. Ex: what do you think are the causes of cancer
Open-ended questions
Limited responses. Prior coding. Number of codes kept to a minimum, ideally ____.
Close-ended questions
Making a questionnaire wording: Must be neutral. _______, ______ & ______.
Simple, Clear & Specific
