Module 2: 2 Data Collection Tools

Question 0

Data which are already existing. Obtained by some other people for purposes that may be different from the investigators. Ex: registry of cases of a disease in a hospital.

Answer 0

Secondary data

Question 1

Obtained first hand by the investigator to answer the objectives of his study. Collected directly from subjects in the study.m

Answer 1

Primary Data

Question 2

Disadvantages of Secondary data: no _____ over how data was collected. Different ________ regarding variables & ______ in data extraction.

Answer 2

Control. Concepts. Errors.

Question 3

Simplest & cheapest. Data may be incomplete. Issues on confidentiality and timeliness of information.

Answer 3

Review of documents/ use of documented sources

Question 4

PE, Extracting blood, Observing behavior & Environment and may need cameras & laboratory equipments.

Answer 4

Observations

Question 5

One-one-one encounter between interviewer & respondent. Face to face or telephone interviews. Use of an interview schedule (list of question to be asked). Answers are written ______ by data collector. Richer & more complete information.

Answer 5

Interviews. Verbatim.

Question 6

When an interview may not be feasible. Written questions with spaces for answers. Less expensive and time consuming than an interview. _______ of respondent is maintained. Standardized.

Answer 6

Questionnaires. Anonymity.

Question 7

Methods that should be used depends on level of ______ & ______ of data desired (derived from __________).

Answer 7

Quality & Quantity. Objectives of the study.

Question 8

Methods that should be used depends on ______, ______ & _______ available for data collection.

Answer 8

Time, money & manpower.

Question 9

Quality of SD: Interval between date of occurrence of an event and the time the data is ready to be used.

Answer 9

Timeliness

Question 10

Quality of SD: In coverage. In accomplishing all the items in every form.

Answer 10

Completeness

Question 11

Quality of SD: Closeness of data or measurement to the true value.

Answer 11

Accuracy

Question 12

Quality of SD: Repeatability or consistency of info obtained. Extent to which similar info obtained when a measurement is performed more than once.

Answer 12

Precision

Question 13

Quality of SD: Consistency of the data produced with the needs of the data user.

Answer 13

Relevance

Question 14

Quality of SD: Details provide a complete picture of the situation being considered. Do the collected data provide all the basic info needed to meet the requirements of the user.

Answer 14

Adequacy

Question 15

Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 1. Determine the info needed by examining _______________.

Answer 15

Study objectives/Conceptual framework

Question 16

Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 2. Make an ________ to the questionnaire/tool.

Answer 16

Introduction

Question 17

Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 3. Decide on the ________ of the question. (Easy questions first)

Answer 17

Sequence

Question 18

Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 4. Write the _______ (include ______ questions, including _____ questions.

Answer 18

Draft. Clear. Skip.

Question 19

Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 5. ________ the questionnaire.

Answer 19

Pretest

Question 20

Steps in making Data Collection Tool: 6. ________ as needed.

Answer 20

Revise

Question 21

More info is obtained. No limits. Harder to code. Ex: what do you think are the causes of cancer

Answer 21

Open-ended questions

Question 22

Limited responses. Prior coding. Number of codes kept to a minimum, ideally ____.

Answer 22

Close-ended questions

Question 23

Making a questionnaire wording: Must be neutral. _______, ______ & ______.

Answer 23

Simple, Clear & Specific

Question 24

Making a questionnaire wording: avoid ___________. Ex: “how many shots of gin or vodka do you drink?” Set the _______. Ex: “how many cups of coffee do you drink in a day?”

Answer 24

Double-barreled questions. Time frame.

Question 25

Making a questionnaire wording: avoid _____________. Ex: “when choosing a school for your child, which of the following is not unimportant?”

Answer 25

Double negatives

Question 26

Tips: use _______ per individual.

Answer 26

One form

Question 27

Tips: assign unique __________ for each individual/subject.

Answer 27

Identification number

Question 28

Tips: every item in the data collection tool/questionnaire should have a unique ___________.

Answer 28

Identifying number

Question 29

Tips: Item should not be

Answer 29

Crowded

Question 30

Tips: provide enough ________ for answers.

Answer 30

Space

Question 31

Tips: items should follow the _________ in which data are to be collected.

Answer 31

Sequence

Question 32

Tips: all the required info should be

Answer 32

Specified