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Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

a-

A
  • prefix
  • primary meaning: away from
  • “abs-“ before elements beginning with T or sometimes C
  • usually “a-“ before consonants (but not always)
  • usually “ab-“ before vowels (but not always)
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2
Q

-able

A
  • adjectival suffix
  • primary meaning: able to
  • subsidiary meaning: capable of
  • sometimes “-ible”
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3
Q

-ac

A
  • adjectival suffix – pertaining to, located in, affected with
  • primary meaning: affected with
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4
Q

-agra

A
  • nominal suffix
  • primary meaning: gouty pain
  • subsidiary meaning: sudden pain
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5
Q

alg- OR -algia

A
  • alg- (root)
  • -algia (abstract nominal suffix)
  • primary meaning: pain
  • subsidiary meaning: pain in
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6
Q

alges- OR -algesia

A
  • alges- (root)
  • -algesia (abstract nominal suffix)
  • primary meaning: sensitivity to pain
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7
Q

aneurysm-

A
  • root
  • primary meaning: aneurysm
  • notes: from “an-“ + “eury-“ + “-ism”
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8
Q

angi-

A
  • root
  • primary meaning: (blood) vessel
  • subsidiary meaning: duct
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9
Q

-ant (2)

A
  • verb-to-adjective adjectival suffix
  • primary meaning: doing [the verbal action]
  • subsidiary meaning: tending [to do the verbal action]; exhibiting [the condition]

OR

  • nominal suffix – agent (doer)
  • primary meaning: one who
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10
Q

ante-

A
  • prefix
  • primary meaning: before
  • subsidiary meaning: forward
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11
Q

anti-

A
  • prefix
  • primary meaning: against
  • subsidiary meaning: opposite; opposed to; preventing; relieving
  • “ant-“ before vowels or H
  • “anti-“ before anything else
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12
Q

aort-

A
  • root
  • stand-alone word: aorta
  • primary meaning: aorta
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13
Q

aqu-

A
  • root
  • primary meaning: water
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14
Q

aque-

A
  • root
  • primary meaning: watery
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15
Q

-ar

A
  • adjectival suffix – pertaining to; located in, of
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16
Q

arteri-

A
  • root
  • primary meaning: artery
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17
Q

arthr-

A
  • root
  • primary meaning: joint
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18
Q

-ase

A
  • nominal suffix
  • notes: forms enzyme names
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19
Q

-asia

A
  • abstract nominal suffix – state, condition
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20
Q

-asis

A
  • abstract nominal suffix – state, condition
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21
Q

astr-

A
  • root
  • primary meaning: star
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22
Q

-ate (2)

A
  • nominal suffix
  • forms chemical names

OR

  • adjectival suffix – shape
  • primary meaning: characterized by
  • subsidiary meaning: having; possessing; resembling
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23
Q

atri-

A
  • root
  • primary meaning: atrium
  • subsidiary meaning: chamber, cavity
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24
Q

blast- OR -blast

A
  • blast- (root)
  • -blast (nominal suffix)
  • primary meaning: primitive cell
  • subsidiary meaning: immature cell
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25
brady-
- root - primary meaning: slow
26
cac-
- root - primary meaning: defective - subsidiary meaning: terrible
27
capill-
- root - primary meaning: capillary
28
capillar-
- root - primary meaning: capillary
29
cardi-
- root - primary meaning: heart - subsidiary meaning: cardia
30
carn-
- root - primary meaning: flesh
31
cata-
- prefix - primary meaning: downward - subsidiary meaning: disordered - "cat-" before vowels or H
32
-ce
- nominal suffix – state; act of
33
cephal-
- root - primary meaning: head
34
cid- OR -cide
- cid- (root) - -cide (nominal suffix) - primary meaning: kill - subsidiary meaning: cut, destroy - usually has a prefix - adjectival suffix "-cidal"
35
cirs-
- root - primary meaning: dilated and twisted vein; varix
36
cla-
- root - primary meaning: break - subsidiary meaning: break up; destroy
37
clas- OR -clast OR -clasis
- clas- (root) - -clast (nominal suffix) – agent (doer) - -clasis (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: break - subsidiary meaning: break up; destroy
38
-cle
- nominal suffix – diminutive - primary meaning: small
39
clon-
- root - primary meaning: spasm [involuntary muscle contraction]
40
con-
- prefix - primary meaning: together with - subsidiary meaning: together; thoroughly; very - standard form is "con-" - "co-" before H - "col-" before L - "com-" before E, M, or P - "cor-" before R
41
contra-
- prefix - primary meaning: against - subsidiary meaning: opposite; opposed to; preventing; relieving
42
cor-
- root - primary meaning: heart
43
cord-
- root - primary meaning: heart
44
coron-
- root - primary meaning: crown
45
corpor-
- root - primary meaning: body
46
cortic-
- root - stand-alone word: cortex - primary meaning: outer layer
47
creat-
- root - primary meaning: flesh
48
cresc-
- root - primary meaning: grow - subsidiary meaning: begin to grow
49
cret-
- root - primary meaning: grow - subsidiary meaning: begin to grow - usually has a prefix
50
crin- OR -crine
- crin- (root) - -crine (adjectival suffix) - primary meaning: secrete
51
-culum
- nominal suffix – diminutive - primary meaning: small - "-culus" for masculine nouns - "-cula" for feminine nouns
52
cutane-
- root - primary meaning: skin
53
cyst-
- root - primary meaning: bladder - subsidiary meaning: cyst
54
cysti- OR -cystis
- cysti- (root) - -cystis (nominal suffix) - primary meaning: bladder - subsidiary meaning: cyst
55
cyt- OR -cyte OR -cytosis
- cyt- (root) - -cyte (nominal suffix) - -cytosis (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: cell
56
de-
- prefix - primary meaning: down from - subsidiary meaning: away from; absent
57
dem-
- root - primary meaning: people - subsidiary meaning: population
58
dis-
- prefix - primary meaning: apart; away - "dif-" before F - "di-" before G, V, or sometimes L
59
echo-
- root - primary meaning: reverberating sound; echo
60
-ellum
- nominal suffix – diminutive - primary meaning: small - "-ellus" for masculine nouns - "-ella" for feminine nouns
61
en-
- prefix - primary meaning: within
62
encephal-
- root - primary meaning: brain - "en-" + "cephal-"
63
endo-
- prefix - primary meaning: within - sometimes "ento-" - "end-" / "ent-" + vowel
64
-esis
- nominal suffix – state; condition; procedure
65
-etic
- adjectival suffix – from "-esis" noun
66
eury-
- root - primary meaning: wide - subsidiary meaning: dilate
67
extra-
- prefix - primary meaning: on the outside - subsidiary meaning: beyond - sometimes "extro-"
68
fasci-
- root - stand-alone word: fascia - primary meaning: fascia - subsidiary meaning: membrane supporting muscles
69
fibr-
- root - primary meaning: fibre - subsidiary meaning: filament; fibrous tissue
70
fung-
- root - primary meaning: mushroom - subsidiary meaning: fungus
71
gangli-
- root - primary meaning: ganglion
72
genit-
- root - primary meaning: give birth - subsidiary meaning: bring forth; genital
73
glandul-
- root - primary meaning: gland
74
gli-
- root - primary meaning: glia - subsidiary meaning: neuroglia
75
glia-
- root - primary meaning: glia - subsidiary meaning: neuroglia
76
gram- OR -gram
- gram- (root) - -gram (nominal suffix) – something written down - primary meaning: record
77
graph- OR -graph OR -graphy
- graph- (root) - -graph (nominal suffix) - -graphy (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: write - subsidiary meaning: writing; record [verb]; recording
78
gryp-
- root - primary meaning: curved - subsidiary meaning: hooked
79
gurgit-
- root - primary meaning: flood - subsidiary meaning: flow
80
gurgitat-
- root - primary meaning: flood - subsidiary meaning: flow
81
gutt-
- root - primary meaning: drop (of liquid)
82
helminth-
- root - primary meaning: worm
83
hepat-
- root - stand-alone word: hepar - primary meaning: liver
84
herpet-
- root - stand-alone word: herpes - primary meaning: reptile - subsidiary meaning: herpes; creeping skin disease
85
hidr-
- root - primary meaning: sweat - sometimes "-idr-" when not the first element
86
hol-
- root - primary meaning: while - subsidiary meaning: all
87
hom-
- root - primary meaning: human - subsidiary meaning: man
88
homin-
- root - primary meaning: human - subsidiary meaning: man
89
hydr-
- root - primary meaning: water - subsidiary meaning: fluid
90
hypn-
- root - primary meaning: sleep
91
iatr- OR -iatry
- iatr- (root) - -iatry (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: healer; physician; treatment
92
-ile
- adjectival suffix – pertaining to; capable of being - primary meaning: like
93
immun-
- root - primary meaning: safe - subsidiary meaning: protected; immune
94
in- (2)
- prefix - primary meaning: in; into; very; thoroughly - "il-" + L - "im-" + B, M, or P - "ir-" + R OR - root - primary meaning: fibre - subsidiary meaning: muscle
95
-in
- nominal suffix – substance
96
-ine (2)
- nominal suffix – substance OR - adjectival suffix – pertaining to; in the category of
97
inos-
- root - primary meaning: fibre; muscle
98
-ism
- nominal suffix – (abstract noun) state; quality; condition; theory
99
-ist
- nominal suffix – person who - primary meaning: person expert in - often from "-ism"
100
-itic
- adjectival suffix – pertaining to (especially to inflammation from "-itis")
101
-itis
- nominal suffix - primary meaning: inflammation - plural: "-itides"
102
kary-
- root - primary meaning: nucleus
103
kin- OR -kinesis
- kin- (root) - -kinesis (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: move - subsidiary meaning: motion; movement - sometimes spelled with C
104
lacer-
- root - primary meaning: tearing
105
lact-
- root - primary meaning: milk
106
lacun-
- root - primary meaning: gap - subsidiary meaning: cavity
107
lymph-
- root - primary meaning: lymph
108
lymphat-
- root - primary meaning: lymph
109
mamm-
- root - primary meaning: breast
110
meta-
- prefix - primary meaning: beyond - subsidiary meaning: transformation; after; behind; charge - "met-" before vowels or H
111
multi-
- prefix - primary meaning: many - subsidiary meaning: much; affecting many parts
112
my- (2)
- root - primary meaning: muscle - subsidiary meaning: mouse OR - root - primary meaning: shut - subsidiary meaning: close
113
myc-
- root - primary meaning: fungus - subsidiary meaning: mushroom
114
mycet-
- root - primary meaning: fungus - subsidiary meaning: mushroom
115
mys-
- root - primary meaning: muscle
116
neur-
- root - primary meaning: nerve - subsidiary meaning: nervous system; neuron
117
nom-
- root - primary meaning: law
118
nos-
- root - primary meaning: disease - subsidiary meaning: illness
119
-ose (2)
- adjectival suffix – containing - primary meaning: full of - subsidiary meaning: containing; resembling OR - nominal suffix – substance - primary meaning: substance - subsidiary meaning: sugar
120
-ous
- adjectival suffix – containing - primary meaning: full of - subsidiary meaning: containing; resembling
121
pan-
- root - primary meaning: all - subsidiary meaning: entire; every
122
per-
- prefix - primary meaning: through - subsidiary meaning: very; thoroughly - "pel-" before L
123
phleb-
- root - primary meaning: vein
124
phlog-
- root - primary meaning: inflammation
125
plex- (2)
- root - primary meaning: strike; paralyze OR - primary meaning: plexus
126
-plex
- adjectival suffix - primary meaning: -fold - notes: in numerical expressions
127
poikil-
- root - primary meaning: mottled - subsidiary meaning: varied
128
por- OR -pore OR -porosis
- por- (root) - -pore (nominal suffix) - -porosis (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: passage - subsidiary meaning: opening; duct; pore; cavity
129
prur-
- root - primary meaning: itch
130
psychr-
- root - primary meaning: cold
131
pyle-
- root - primary meaning: portal vein
132
rhabd-
- root - primary meaning: rod - subsidiary meaning: rod-shaped; skeletal (when preceding the root "my-"); striated
133
rhythm-
- root - primary meaning: rhythm - subsidiary meaning: heartbeat
134
sarc-
- root - primary meaning: flesh - subsidiary meaning: soft tissue
135
seb-
- root - stand-alone word: sebum - primary meaning: sebum - subsidiary meaning: oily secretion
136
sep- OR -sepsis
- sep- (root) - -sepsis (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: be infected
137
sin-
- root - primary meaning: sinus
138
sinus-
- root - stand-alone word: sinus - primary meaning: sinus
139
som- OR -some
- som- (root) - -some (nominal suffix) – also "-soma" - primary meaning: body
140
somat-
- root - primary meaning: body
141
sphygm-
- root - primary meaning: pulse
142
sta-
- root - primary meaning: stand; stop
143
stat- OR -stat OR -stasis
- stat- (root) - -stat (nominal suffix) – agent or instrument - -stasis (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: stop - subsidiary meaning: stand; make stand; control
144
-staxis
- nominal suffix – condition - primary meaning: oozing (blood) - subsidiary meaning: dripping - also "-staxia"
145
stear-
- root - primary meaning: fat - subsidiary meaning: sebum; sebaceous glands
146
steat-
- root - primary meaning: fat - subsidiary meaning: sebum; sebaceous glands
147
sten- OR -stenosis
- sten- (root) - -stenosis (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: narrow - subsidiary meaning: constricted; abnormal narrowing
148
sub-
- prefix - primary meaning: under - "suf-" before F - "sup-" before P
149
sud-
- root - primary meaning: sweat; fluid
150
super-
- prefix - primary meaning: over - subsidiary meaning: above; excessive; beyond normal
151
supra-
- prefix - primary meaning: over - subsidiary meaning: above; excessive; beyond normal
152
synap-
- root - primary meaning: synapse - sometimes "synaps-"
153
syndesm-
- root - primary meaning: ligament
154
syring- OR -syrinx
- syring- (root) - -syrinx (nominal suffix) - stand-alone word: syrinx - primary meaning: syringe - subsidiary meaning: tube; fistula (abnormal tube / passage in the body); cavity; oviduct; sweat glands
155
tachy-
- root - primary meaning: rapid
156
tel-
- root - primary meaning: end - subsidiary meaning: completion
157
tele-
- prefix - primary meaning: far - subsidiary meaning: distant
158
thel-
- root - primary meaning: nipple - combining vowel "-e-"
159
therm-
- root - primary meaning: heat - subsidiary meaning: temperature
160
thromb-
- root - primary meaning: clot - subsidiary meaning: blood clot
161
-tic
- adjectival suffix – pertaining to; located in
162
-tics
- nominal suffix – from adjectives in "-tic" - primary meaning: science of - subsidiary meaning: study of
163
tom- OR -tome OR -tomy
- tom- (root) - -tome (nominal suffix) – agent or instrument - -tomy (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: cutting; slice; incision
164
trop- OR -trope OR -tropia
- trop- (root) - -trope (nominal suffix) - -tropia (abstract nominal suffix) - primary meaning: turning - subsidiary meaning: preferentially affecting
165
tub-
- root - primary meaning: tube
166
typh-
- root - primary meaning: fever - subsidiary meaning: typhus; typhoid
167
vag-
- root - primary meaning: vagus (nerve)
168
varic-
- root - stand-alone word: varix - primary meaning: dilated and twisted vein - subsidiary meaning: varix
169
vas-
- root - primary meaning: (blood) vessel - subsidiary meaning: vas deferens
170
ven-
- root - primary meaning: vein - subsidiary meaning: poison
171
ventr-
- root - primary meaning: abdomen - subsidiary meaning: belly; abdominal cavity; front
172
vir-
- root - stand-alone word: virus - primary meaning: virus
173
-yl
- nominal suffix - primary meaning: chemical group - formed from a specific molecule
174
zo-
- root - primary meaning: animal - subsidiary meaning: organism

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