MODULE 1C - THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL SELF Flashcards
study of people and cultures in the past and today
- Anthropology
FOUR BRANCHES OF ANTHROPOLOGY
- Archeology
- Physical Anthropology
- Linguistic Anthropology
- Cultural Anthropology
- The study of how people lived in the past.
ARCHEOLOGY
______ learn from things people leave behind or artifacts like pottery, tools, relics, ceramics, weapons, or anything made or used by humans.
Archaeologists
- The study of human biology, including how people adapt to where they live and how bodies changed over time (human evolution).
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
- Physical anthropologists also study __________.
non-human primates
- The study of how people speak and the words they use and how their language developed and evolved.
LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY
- Also studies the evolution of language and how it changed what people think and how people change their language.
LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY
- The study of how people live their lives in the present and how they may have lived in the past, including the tools they used and the food they produced and consumed.
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
- In anthropology, the self refers to a set of ______ that we try to adhere to and use them to guide our lives.
cultural values
- The self is one ______ of being human, among others.
interpretation
- The most influential in terms of self-development is ______, basically referring to the culture one has been brought up in.
family’s history
- Anthropologists believe that culture is the full range of learned ________.
behavior patterns
o Founder of Cultural Anthropology
- SIR EDWARD B. TAYLOR
o Defines culture as: the complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, morals, law, customs, arts, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by a human as a member of society.
- SIR EDWARD B. TAYLOR
- TWO COMPONENTS OF CULTURE:
- Material Culture
- Non-material Culture
- Consists of human technology – all the things that people make and use.
MATERIAL CULTURE
Material culture is the ______ manifestations of culture.
physical
- Culture is very much ______. It changes from time to time.
dynamic
- The evolution of material culture can be attributed to the _____ that humanity was able to make.
technological advances
- Includes intangible human creations like beliefs, values, norms, morals, rules, language, and organizations.
NON-MATERIAL CULTURE
A DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGIST, CULTURE CAN INFLUENCE HOW YOU, YOUR PEERS, AND FAMILIES VIEW:
RELATIONSHIPS:
PERSONALITY TRAITS:
ACHIEVEMENT:
EXPRESSING EMOTIONS:
Culture is an influential factor in how you enter into and maintain relationships. This influences how adults encourage children to form relationships.
Relationships
Culture influences whether you value and how you value traits like humility, politeness, assertiveness, sympathy, and self-esteem. Culture also influences how you perceive hardship and how you feel about relying on others.
Personality Traits
Culture influences how feelings are expressed, whether you consider feelings public or private, openly or discreetly.
Achievement
Culture influences how feelings are expressed, whether you consider feelings public or private, openly or discreetly.
Expressing Emotions
CULTURAL INFLUENCES THAT SHAPES THE SELF
Material Component
Cognitive Component/Non-Material
Normative Component
Normative Component:
Social Norms
Folkways
Cultural Change
Mores
accepted standards of behavior of social groups.
Social Norms
general rules, customary and habitual ways, and patterns of expected behavior in society
Folkways
happens since no society is in a constant state. It continuously evolved from one period of time to another.
Cultural Change
special folkways that are generally emphasized since they are deemed necessary for the welfare of the society.
Mores
MECHANISM OF CULTURAL CHANGE
Cultural Lag
Cultural Borrowing
one must take into account both a social need and the cultural goal, every cultural goal is anchored on social need.
Cultural Lag
situation where one society borrows the culture of another society and uses it as new part of the culture
Cultural Borrowing
