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BVMS 3 > Module 16 Wk1 > Flashcards

Module 16 Wk1 Flashcards

1
Q

(Small Animal Foundation Dentistry)

What should you inspect and palpate on a conscious head exam?

A
  • Facial symmetry
  • Masticatory muscles
  • Salivary gland/lymph node
  • Ptyalism
  • Facial swelling
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2
Q

what is Ptyalism? what could it be due too?

A

It is excessive salivary secretions
Could be due to pain/toxicity/nausea

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3
Q

What is the most probable diagnosis for facial swelling under the eye?

A

Tooth abscess

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4
Q

What should you be looking for on an oral examiniation?

A
  • occlusion
  • soft tissue
  • hard tissue
  • TMJ
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5
Q

Whats the most common issue with the TMJ?

A

Arthristis in dogs and trauma in cats

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6
Q

On an unconscious oral exam what should you be examining extraorally?

A
  • Lymph nodes
  • Masticatory muscles
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7
Q

What are the 4 masticatory muscles? and there function pookie

A
  • Temporalis - closes mouth
  • Masseter - closes mouth
  • Digasticus - opens mouth
  • Pterygoids - closes mouth
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8
Q

T/F masseter is the biggest muscle in mouth?

A

false its temporalis

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9
Q

What are the names of the salivary glands that you should examine in an unconscious oral exam?

A

parotid
zygomatic
sublingual

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10
Q

What is the invasive papillae and where is it loacted?

A

It is located behind the incisors.
It connects the mouth and nose stright to the brain. So indicates to the dog if something is okay to be eaten or not

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11
Q

What is the caruncula and where is it located?

A

It is located at the base of the tongue and is where the submandibular salivary gland empties into the mouth and also connects the tongue to the base of the mouth

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12
Q

What is the most common dental disease in cats?

A

Periodontal disease and tooth resorption

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13
Q

What are SA paediatric patient dental diseases?

A

Hypo/hyperdontia
malocclusion
cleft lip/cleft palate
feline juvenile gingivitis
enamel defects

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14
Q

What is the normal dentition in dogs?

A

3142/3143

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15
Q

What can unerruption of a tooth cause?

A

a cyst

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16
Q

Should you perform surgery on a grade 1 malocclusion?

A

No, if the animal is not in pain, there is no need.

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17
Q

What is grade 2 malocclusion?

A

Discrepancy between upper and lower jaws

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18
Q

What does grade 3 malocclusion look like?

A

It is were the lower jaw is longer than the upper one

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19
Q

What can gingivitis be triggered by?

A

The eruption of the permanent dentition

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20
Q

What can juvinile gingivitis be assoc with?

A

Juvenile periodontal disease, is very painful and should be referred.

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21
Q

What systemic diseases may cause enamal defects?

A

viral infection, distemper and nutritional problems.

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22
Q

What is gingivitis?

A

The inflammation of the gums but it is reversible

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23
Q

How is periodontitis a step past periodontal disease?

A

As it involves damage to the bone and the ligament and its irreversible after bone destruction

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24
Q

What is loss of mandibular bone a sign of?

A

advanced periodontal disease

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25
Q

What is tooth resorption? and what is the most common tooth to be affected?

A

This is where the tooth is resorbed and mandibular PM3

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26
Q

Discuss tooth resorption type 1 and how it is treated

A

Tooth resorption type 1 is associated with periodontal disease and is associated with the crown and is a round lesion triggered by inflammation. Type 1 is treated via extraction.

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27
Q

Discuss tooth resorption type 2

A

Type two is idiopathic (no clue why it happens) -it occurs everywhere around the tooth and is the most commonly diagnosed via x-ray. Type 2 depends on the grade.

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28
Q

What is type 3 tooth resorption?

A

Type 3 is a combination of type 2 and type 1

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29
Q

T/F a microline fracture in a tooth is abnormal?

A

False - it is infact normal

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30
Q

what do you want to do when there is an enamal fracture?

A

x-ray it

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31
Q

what parts of the tooth are involved in an uncomplicated crown fracture?

A

enamel and dentine

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32
Q

What parts of the tooth are involved in a complicated fracture?

A

enamel, dentine and pulp

33
Q

T/F extraction of tooth is needed for a complicated crown root fracture

A

True

34
Q

What are structurally important teeth in dogs?

A

Upper 4th premolar
Canine
Lower fourth premolar

35
Q

What are structurally importnat teeth in cats

A

canine

36
Q

What is stomatitis?

A

It is an inflammatory condition affecting the mucous membranes of the mouth causing lesions.

37
Q

How would you treat stomatitis?

A

You would treat it by extracting the teeth affected by the disease along with medications such as antibiotics and antifungals.

38
Q

should you refer an animal with stomatitis?

A

YEEE

39
Q

What is ONF?

A

Oral nasal fistulae

40
Q

What can ONF be caused by?

A
  • Periodontal disease
  • Malocclusion
  • Foreign body
  • Neoplasia
  • Poorly carried out tooth extraction (especially canine)
41
Q

What should you do if there is an oral mass?

A
  • Take a pic
  • Measure it
  • Describe it
42
Q

T/F in cats 50% of oral masses are benign and 50% malignant?

A

False - this is true for dogs but in cats its 90% malignant and 10% benign.

43
Q

You are presented with a WHWT 6y/o MN whi has mesial pocket of 8mm - what you doing?

A

X-ray

44
Q

You are presented with a mix breed brachy 2y/o missing its first premolar - what you doing?

A

x-ray

45
Q

You are presented with a 10/yo FN lab with recurrent right facial swelling - what could be causing it and what you doing?

A

Tooth root abscess
Extract the tooth

46
Q

You are presented with a DSH FN 12y/o who hase advanced tooth reabsorption - what you doing?

A

x-ray

47
Q

(equine dentistry)

How can an overjet and overbite be decribed?

A

‘parrot mouth’ ‘overshot jaw’ ‘over bite’

48
Q

Does overjet and over bite cause grazing issues?

A

Rarely

49
Q

T?F overjet and overbite are not inheritable?

A

False they are

50
Q

How might you go about treating an overbite?

A

Orthodontic treatment with biteplate or wire

51
Q

What is a mandibular prognathism and how might else it be called?

A

It is shortened premaxilla or maxilla and can be called ‘sow mouth’ ‘undershor jaw ‘ or ‘underbite’

52
Q

With a underbite what teeth do you get over growths with?

A

lower 06 and upper 11 overgrowths

53
Q

where anatomically do retained deciduous incisors sit and what do they cause to permenant teeth?

A

They are usually displaced in front of permanent teeth so cause caudal displacement of permanent teeth

54
Q

When removing lower incisors what nerve block should you use?

A

Left mental nerve block

55
Q

When removing upper incisors what nerve block should you use?

A

infraorbital nerve block

56
Q

What are supernumerary incisors?

A

They are additional to the 6 normal adult incisors, they have long reserve crowns

57
Q

When is incisor trauma common?

A

In juveniles and following kicks/collisions

58
Q

When faced with a complacated fracture what question should you ask yourself?

A

Is the pulp necrotic or still viable

59
Q

What does endodontic treatment of fractured incisor allow?

A

The tooth to regrow

60
Q

T/F Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis is similar to Feline resorptive lesions?

A

True except the horse often lays down much more cementum subgingivally

61
Q

T/F slope or slant mouth are mostly secondary to mild craniofacial abnormalities?

A

True - wrynose is most common, others have abnormalities of hard palate/facial bones and some have painful unilateral dental disorders.

62
Q

What is Wry nose and what may it result in?

A

It is lateral deviation of nose to dysplastic side and may result in nasal occlusion

63
Q

Up to how many months can Wry nose be surgically corrected?

A

up to 6months

64
Q

What are abnormalities seen in canine teeth of horses?

A
  • Displaced
  • Incompletely erupted
  • Long? – Do not reduce
  • Calculus (“tartar”)
  • EOTRH / resorptive lesions
65
Q

How would you deal with calculus on canines?

A

Break off with forceps

66
Q

How would you deal with a canine resorption lesion?

A

Either extract tooth or just leave it in to be fully resorbed

67
Q

What will lower wolf tooth cause and should they be extracted?

A

Yes they should be - they are likely to cause a bitting problemo

68
Q

Describe the procedure for extracting a wolf tooth?

A

Sedate
Local Anaesthetic
Burgess Punch for Mucosa only
Slowly Elevate all Sides of Tooth
Lever against 06s last

69
Q

What are the normal occlusal angles and what can the go up to?

A

10-15 degrees up to 35

70
Q

What are the different developmental cheek teeth disorders?

A
  • Retained deciduous
  • Diastemata
  • Rostral positioning
  • Displacements
  • Supernumerary
  • Oligodontia
  • Maleruption
71
Q

What are the different aquired cheek teeth disorders?

A
  • Sharp enamel points
  • Periodontal disease
  • Fractures
  • Tumours
  • Periapical infections
72
Q

What are caps?

A

the remnants of deciduous teeth

73
Q

When are caps normally shed?

A

During eruption of permenant teeth

74
Q

What can retained caps cause?

A

Buccal/oral pain and may delap cheek teeth eruption and cause eruption cyts

75
Q

What is a possible sequelae of diastema?

A

Food trapping decending periodonatl disease

76
Q

In severe cases of diastema what can happen?

A
  • periapical abscessation or
  • oro-sinus fistula
77
Q

What is the treatment protocol for diastema?

A
  • Removal of impacted food
  • Filling diastemata with impression material
  • Partial or Full widening of diastema
  • Reduction of excessive transverse ridges (ETR) opposite diastema
  • Dietary modification
78
Q
A
79
Q
A

BVMS 3 (10 decks)

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