Module 16 Data Analytics

Question 1

4 key features of big data

Answer 1

• Volume
• Velocity
• Variety
• Veracity

Question 2

Big data - volume

Answer 2

• The volume of data is beyond the processing power of a simple IT infrastructure

Question 3

Big data - velocity

Answer 3

Big data can be processed at speed, allowing businesses to change their strategy

Question 4

Big data - variety

Answer 4

• Big data can be any of a multitude of types of data and can be very far reaching

Question 5

Big data - veracity

Answer 5

• The information extrapolated from big data must be trustworthy

Question 6

Uses and outcomes of big data

Answer 6

• Making informed business decisions
• Improving products and/or customer service and improving operating efficiency
• Assisting in identifying weaknesses

Question 7

Limitations to the implementation of big data analysis

Answer 7

• Cost of implementing
• Compliance and There is no one company which security of data
• Employing the correct people
• Data quality

Question 8

Data retention policy

Answer 8

• how long data is to be stored for
• how it is to be stored and the security associated with it

Question 9

Conceptual modelling

Answer 9

• Shows the mapping between information
• Employee’s record will be linked to their national insurance number and all their payslips

Question 10

Logical modelling

Answer 10

• Describes the actual tables and columns to be used in the system

Question 11

Physical modelling

Answer 11

Describes the storage of the data

Question 12

Examples of data base management systems

Answer 12

• Oracle
• IBM DB2
• Microsoft Access
• Microsoft SQL Server

Question 13

Storage devices

Answer 13

• Hard drives
• Cloud Storage
• Compact Disk (CD)
• Flash memory (USB)
• Digital Versatile Disks (DVD)
• Blu-ray disks

Question 14

Advantages of edge computing

Answer 14

• Quicker sharing of the data between machines, reducing the latency when using cloud computing
• Increased privacy
• Bandwidth savings

Question 15

disadvantages to edge computing

Answer 15

• considerable time to develop and implement edge
• once implemented they need to maintain it
• significant capital expenditure
• devices may not be compatible with each other

Question 16

Data Mining

Answer 16

• Way of identifying patterns or trends from a large data set
• Uses mathematical algorithms to predict likely outcomes based on historical information
• Done using a mix of statistics, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning.

Question 17

The 6 Steps of KDD

Answer 17

1. Business Understanding - what the objectives and goals
2. Data Understanding - data is collected and explored so it contains the right information
3. Data Preparation - data is cleansed and formatted
4. Data Mining/Modelling - data is now analysed by the system and any patterns identified
5. Evaluation - analysed to see if the results are suitable to meet the business objectives
6. Deployment - easily understood by all stakeholders and decisions made

Question 18

Graphical or pictorial representation of data can be used to help

Answer 18

• See trends and outliers
• Understand the key features of the data set
• Make data understandable even for non-experts in a specific subject area

Question 19

Consideration when sharing data

Answer 19

• Is the data confidential and how it can be kept secure
• Is the data complete, accurate and unbiased to allow a fair decision to be made
• How is it most appropriate the data is shared – electronically or in a hard copy
• Who needs to see the data and are they aware of any data protection and retention policies

Question 20

Super Computers

Answer 20

• Powerful
• Expensive
• Fast to process
• Used for massive data manipulation

Question 21

Mainframes

Answer 21

• Powerful
• Expensive
• Allows many concurrent users
• Operates at high speed
• Typical users are manufacturers, insurance companies and airlines

Question 22

Servers

Answer 22

• Accommodates simultaneous multiple users
• Used for running networks and internet applications
• Large memory and storage capacities
• Fast and efficient for multiple users
• Susceptible to failure

Question 23

Microcomputers

Answer 23

• Includes personal computers and workstations
• Common
• Can be understood and easily used by most people
• Can be networked together within an organisation
• Can often break

Question 24

Portable Computers

Answer 24

• Allow “off-site” working
• Similar capabilities to a microcomputer

Question 25

Handhelds

Answer 25

• Portable
• Supports basic functions but lacks processing power of more complex
• machines
• User friendly
• Most people have access to a handheld device
• Often cannot perform difficult tasks