Module 15

Question 1

A condition characterized by a disassociation with reality is:

1. euthymia
2. psychosis
3. neurosis
4. dysthymia

Answer 1

psychosis

Psychosis is a disassociation with or impaired perception of reality, which may be accompanied by hallucinations, delusions, or akathisia.

Question 2

According to DSM-5, autism spectrum disorder includes all of the following conditions EXCEPT:
1. autistic disorder
2. pervasive developmental disorder
3. Asperger syndrome
4. attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Answer 2

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Under DSM-5, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes four previously separate diagnoses: autistic disorder, Asperger syndrome, pervasive developmental disorder, and childhood disintegrative disorder.

Question 3

**Under DSM-5, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes four previously separate diagnoses: autistic disorder, Asperger syndrome, pervasive developmental disorder, and childhood disintegrative disorder.
**
1. Asperger disorder
2. Intellectual disability
3. Tourette syndrome
4. Rett disorder

Answer 3

Rett disorder

Rett disorder describes a condition diagnosed in childhood where initial normal functioning is followed by loss of social and intellectual functioning. Tourette syndrome is a group of involuntary behaviors. Symptoms of Asperger disorder include impaired social interaction and repetitive patterns of inappropriate behavior. Intellectual disability is the condition of subaverage intellectual ability, with impaired social and educational functioning.

Question 4

OCD is characterized by:

1. mood changes from depression to mania
2. persistent, distressing repetitive thoughts or rituals
3. a fear of enclosed spaces
4. recurrent, unpredictable attack of severe anxiety

Answer 4

persistent, distressing repetitive thoughts or rituals

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by persistent, distressing, and unavoidable preoccupations or an irresistible urge to perform specific rituals that the patient believes will prevent some harmful event. Bipolar disorder is marked by swings between mania and depression. Claustrophobia is a fear of enclosed spaces. Panic disorder is marked by recurrent, unpredictable anxiety attacks.

Question 5

A test that uses inkblots is the __________ test.

1. Rorschach
2. MMPI
3. Bender-Gestalt
4. TAT

Answer 5

Rorschach

The Rorschach test uses 10 pictures of inkblots in its assessment of the degree to which intellectual and emotional factors are integrated in the test subject’s perception of the environment.

Question 6

Narcosynthesis is used to help the patient change an unwanted behavior, emotional response, or thought.
1. True
2. False

Answer 6

False

Hypnosis is the technique used to help the individual induce an altered state of consciousness to change an unwanted behavior or emotional response. Narcosynthesis is used to help elicit repressed memories or thoughts via the use of IV barbiturates (narc/o = sleep or stupor; -synthesis = bring together).

Question 7

Which is a test of visual-motor and spatial skills?

1. Bender-Gestalt
2. Rorschach
3. WAIS
4. TAT

Answer 7

Bender-Gestalt

The Bender-Gestalt test evaluates visual motor and spatial skills. Also called Bender’s Visual Motor Gestalt test, this is a standard psychological test in which the subject copies a series of patterns.

Question 8

An unreal sensory perception that occurs with no external cause is a(n):

1. delusion
2. illusion
3. confabulation
4. hallucination

Answer 8

hallucination

A hallucination is any unreal sensory perception that occurs with no external cause. A delusion is a persistent belief in a demonstrable untruth or a provably inaccurate perception despite clear evidence to the contrary. An illusion is an inaccurate sensory perception based on a real stimulus.

Question 9

**A prolonged refusal to eat adequate amounts of food and an altered perception of what constitutes a minimal body weight, caused by a morbid fear of becoming obese is:
**
1. hypomania
2. bulimia nervosa
3. anorexia nervosa
4. dysthymia

Answer 9

anorexia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is predicated on an altered perception of what constitutes minimal body weight and a morbid fear of becoming obese. The patient refuses to eat adequate amounts of food to sustain good health and physiologic functioning.

Question 10

Choose the correct spelling of the term for a condition of confused, unfocused, irrational agitation.
1. deleeirium
2. delerium
3. deliriom
4. delirium

Answer 10

delirium

Delirium is a condition of confused, unfocused, irrational agitation.

Question 11

**Mild, chronic depressed state that lasts for years but is not severe enough to fit a diagnosis of depression is called:
**
1. bipolar disorder
2. dysthymia
3. cyclothymia
4. dysphoria

Answer 11

dysthymia

Dysthymia is mild, chronic depression that lasts for years but is not severe enough to fit a diagnosis of depression. Dysphoria describes a generalized negative mood characterized by depression. Bipolar disorder is marked by swings between mania and depression. Cyclothymia is a mood disorder characterized by recurring episodes of mild elation and depression that are not severe enough to be diagnosed as bipolar disorder.

Question 11

A personality test that uses forced-choice questions:

1. PET scan
2. Rorschach
3. GAF
4. MMPI

Answer 11

MMPI

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) assesses personality traits through a battery of forced-choice questions, which means that the respondent must choose an answer from the options provided.

Question 12

A test that provides information about needs, fantasies, and interpersonal relationships is:
1. WAIS
2. Rorschach
3. TAT
4. Bender-Gestalt

Answer 12

TAT

The thematic apperception test (TAT) provides information about needs, fantasies, and interpersonal relationships by analyzing stories patients are asked to make up about the pictures they are shown.

Question 13

_____ therapy is used to treat SAD.

1. Light
2. Electroconvulsive
3. Behavioral
4. Cognitive

Answer 13

Light

Light therapy involves exposure of the body to light waves. It is used to treat patients with depression due to seasonal fluctuations in light (seasonal affective disorder [SAD]).

Question 14

**Pharmacologic treatment of depressive disorders can include which of the following?
**
1. GAD
2. OCD
3. SSRI
4. DTs

Answer 14

SSRI

SSRI is the abbreviation for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which prevent the presynaptic neuron from taking the serotonin back up, thereby increasing the amount of serotonin available in the synapse. GAD is generalized anxiety disorder, and OCD is obsessive-compulsive disorder, which are disorders, not pharmacologic treatments. DTs is the abbreviation for delirium tremens, a symptom of withdrawal from alcohol abuse.

Question 15

Imaging used to measure the metabolic activity of the brain is:

1.MMPI
2.GAF
3.PET scan
4.Rorschach

Answer 15

PET scan

Positron emission tomography (PET) uses radioactive glucose to image chemical (metabolic) activity of the cells as well as blood flow and can be used to investigate the biochemical activity of the brain.

Question 16

_____ analyzes a patient’s drawings of male and female individuals.

1. WAIS
2. MMPI
3. DAP
4. TAT

Answer 16

DAP

The Draw-A-Person (DAP) test assesses personality by analyzing a patient’s drawings of male and female individuals.

Question 17

**A disorder characterized by an inappropriate elevation of mood that may include positive and negative aspects is:
**
1. euthymia
2. anxiety
3. euphoria
4. hypomania

Answer 17

hypomania

Hypomania is a mood disorder characterized by inappropriate elevation of mood that may result not only in increased feelings of well-being, energy, and activity, but also irritability and conceit.

Question 18

Iatr/o means:

1. disorder
2. body
3. mind
4. treatment

Answer 18

treatment

Iatr/o means treatment. The related suffix** -iatrist means one who treats**. A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who treats disorders of the mind.

Question 19

**An extended emotional response to extreme trauma that may include flashbacks, nightmares, or hypervigilance is:
**
1. psychosis
2. dementia
3. schizophrenia
4. posttraumatic stress disorder

Answer 19

posttraumatic stress disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder is an extended emotional response to a traumatic event, resulting in flashbacks, recurring nightmares, anhedonia, insomnia, hypervigilance, anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, and emotional blunting. The causal event is outside the range of normal human experience and induces feelings of terror and helplessness.

Question 20

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is currently in its _____ edition.
1. tenth
2. fourth
3. fifth
4. eleventh

Answer 20

fifth

The current, fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was published in May, 2013.

Question 21

A sleep disorder characterized by the abnormal activation of physiologic functions during the sleep cycle, which can include sleep terrors, is:
1. insomnia
2. dyssomnia
3. parasomnia
4. nightmare disorder

Answer 21

parasomnia

Parasomnia is an** abnormal (para-)** sleep (somn/o) condition (-ia) marked by activation of physiologic functions during the sleep cycle. An example is sleep terrors, in which repeated episodes of sudden awakening are accompanied by intense anxiety, agitation, and amnesia.

Question 22

Choose the correct spelling of the term for a technique that induces an altered state of consciousness to help the individual change an unwanted behavior or emotional response is called:
1. hyposis
2. hyponosis
3. hypnossis
4. hypnosis

Answer 22

hypnosis

Hypnosis is the process of helping a patient induce an altered state of consciousness in an effort to change an unwanted behavior or emotional response.

Question 23

A patient with this personality disorder exhibits inappropriately suspicious thinking, self-importance, an inability to forgive perceived insults, and an extreme sense of personal rights:
1. borderline
2. dissocial
3. schizoid
4. paranoid

Answer 23

paranoid

The question describes paranoid personality disorder. Dissocial personality disorder is characterized by the patient’s complete lack of interest in social obligations. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by impulsive, unpredictable mood that leads to unstable interpersonal relationships. With schizoid personality disorder, the patient has little need for social interaction and withdraws into a fantasy world.

Question 24

**Paralysis or immobility from psychological or emotional rather than physical causes is:
**
1. akathisia
2. echolalia
3. psychosis
4. catatonia

Answer 24

catatonia

Paralysis or immobility that stems from the mind rather than from physical causes is catatonia. Cata- means down; ton/o means tension; -ia means condition. The adjective form is catatonic.

Question 25

An IQ test is:

1. Bender-Gestalt
2. WAIS
3. Rorshach
4. TAT

Answer 25

WAIS

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) measures verbal IQ (Intelligence Quotient), performance IQ, and full-scale IQ. IQ is a numeric expression of a person’s intellectual level as measured against the statistical average of his or her age group. On several of the traditional scales, it is determined by dividing the mental age, derived through psychologic testing, by the chronologic age and multiplying the result by 100.

Question 26

Removal of a chemical substance as an initial step in treatment of a chemically dependent individual is:
1. behavioral therapy
2. ECT
3. DTs
4. detoxification

Answer 26

detoxification

Detoxification is the removal of a chemical substance (drugs or alcohol) from the system as an initial step in treatment of chemical dependency. De- means removal; tox/o means poison.

Question 27

_____ of an unpleasant or intolerable situation is a kind of defense mechanism.
1. Projection
2. Denial
3. Dementia
4. Confabulation

Answer 27

Denial

A defense mechanism is an unconscious way (mechanism) to defend oneself in the face of a perceived threat. Examples include denial of an unpleasant or intolerable situation and projection of unacceptable parts of oneself onto another person.

Question 28

A therapeutic attempt to alter an undesired behavior by substituting a new response or set of responses to a given stimulus is:
1. psychoanalysis
2. ECT
3. behavioral therapy
4. cognitive therapy

Answer 28

Behavioral therapy

Behavioral therapy is a term that describes the therapeutic attempt to alter an undesired behavior by substituting a new response or set of responses to a given stimulus.

Question 29

Asperger disorder is characterized by:

1. impulsiveness, inability to concentrate, and a short attention span
2. abnormal development of social interaction, impaired communication, and repetitive behavior
3. persistent aggressive and defiant behaviors
4. impaired social interaction and repetitive patterns of inappropriate behavior

Answer 29

impaired social interaction and repetitive patterns of inappropriate behavior

Asperger is usually first diagnosed in childhood. This disorder is characterized by impaired social interaction and repetitive patterns of inappropriate behavior and is similar to autism spectrum disorder but not as severe.

Question 30

**A method of inducing convulsions to treat affective disorders in patients who have been resistant or unresponsive to drug therapy is:
**
1. ECT
2. detoxification
3. behavioral therapy
4. psychoanalysis

Answer 30

ECT

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) involves the introduction of a brief convulsion by passing an electric current through the brain for the treatment of affective disorders. ECT is primarily used when rapid, definitive response is required for either medical or psychiatric reasons, such as for a patient who is extremely suicidal. A secondary use of ECT is failure of other therapeutic interventions.

Question 31

There are five axes in the DSM-5 diagnostic assessment.

1. False
2. True

Answer 31

False

DSM-5 now uses nonaxial documentation for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

Question 32

A hypochondrial disorder is a type of _____ disorder.

1. dissociative identity
2. somatoform
3. eating
4. adjustment

Answer 32

somatoform

Any disorder that has unfounded physical (somat/o = body) complaints by the patient, despite medical assurance that no physiologic problem exists, is a somatoform disorder.

Question 33

The medical term for sleepwalking is:

1. delirium
2. somnambulism
3. hallucination
4. akathisia

Answer 33

somnambulism

Sleepwalking is somnambulism: somn/o = sleep; ambul/o = walking;** -ism **= condition.

Question 34

Choose the correct spelling of the term for a mental disorder in which the patient experiences a progressive loss of memory, personality changes, confusion, and loss of connection with reality.
1. dementia
2. dementatia
3. dimentia
4. demintia

Answer 34

dementia

Dementia is a mental disorder in which the patient experiences a progressive loss of memory, personality changes, confusion, and loss of connection with reality.

Question 35

A condition of confused, unfocused, irrational agitation is:

1. delirium tremens
2. stupor
3. delirium
4. dementia

Answer 35

delirium

Delirium is a condition of confused, unfocused, irrational agitation. Dementia is a mental disorder in which a person experiences progressive personality changes and a decline in cognitive abilities. Stupor is a seeming unawareness of and disconnection with one’s surroundings. Delirium tremens (DTs) is an acute and sometimes fatal delirium inducted by the cessation of ingesting large amounts of alcohol over a long period of time.

Question 36

A patient with the DTs is showing withdrawal symptoms from:

1. alcohol
2. inhalants
3. hypnotics
4. prescription drug

Answer 36

alcohol

Delirium tremens (DTs) is an acute and sometimes fatal delirium initiated by the cessation of ingesting large amounts of alcohol over a long period of time.

Question 37

A disorder that tends to manifest during periods of stressful life changes is a(n) _____ disorder.
1. generalized anxiety
2. adjustment
3. dissociative identity
4. somatoform

Answer 37

adjustment

An adjustment disorder can manifest during stressful times of life change like divorce, death, or job loss, when adjustment to those changes does not come easily. Symptoms may include anxiety, social dysfunction, and impaired coping.

Question 38

The state in which the body becomes accustomed to the substance being abused and, thus, requires increasingly greater amounts to achieve the desired effect is called:
1. tolerance
2. delirium tremens
3. harmful use
4. acute intoxication

Answer 38

tolerance

Tolerance is the physiologic state in which the body becomes accustomed to can tolerate an abused substance. Thus, the user requires greater amounts to achieve the desired effect.

Question 39

A variety of treatment techniques that attempt to help the individual alter inaccurate or unhealthy perceptions and patterns of thinking are:
1. behavioral therapy
2. ECT
3. cognitive therapy
4. psychoanalysis

Answer 39

cognitive therapy

Cognitive therapy is a term that describes a variety of treatment techniques that try to help an individual alter inaccurate or unhealthy perceptions and thought patterns. Cognition is the act or process of knowing, perception.